目的 考察醋甘遂不同提取部位对癌性腹水模型大鼠泻水逐饮功效的影响。方法 以Walker-256细胞株制备癌性腹水大鼠模型,分组ig给予醋甘遂粉末、醋甘遂醇提物、醋甘遂水提物和醋甘遂醇提加水提物340 mg/kg(生药量),连续7 d;给药后测定大鼠尿量、腹水量,试剂盒法检测尿液中钠、钾、氯离子浓度,检测尿液pH值,测定血清中肾素(PRA)、血管紧张素II(Ang II)及醛固酮(ALD)水平。运用UPLC-QTOF MS联用技术,初步分析醋甘遂各提取部位的成分差异。结果 与对照组比较,模型组大鼠尿量显著减少(P< 0.05);腹水,尿液中钠、钾、氯离子水平,尿液pH值,血清PRA、Ang II、ALD水平均显著增加(P< 0.01)。与模型组比较,各给药组大鼠腹水均有减少的趋势;阳性药(呋塞米)组及醋甘遂粉末、醇提加水提组大鼠尿量显著增多(P< 0.05);醋甘遂水提组大鼠尿钠离子显著降低(P< 0.05);呋塞米组及醋甘遂粉末、醇提物、醇提加水提物组大鼠尿液中钠、钾、氯离子水平及尿液pH值,血清PRA、Ang II、ALD水平均显著降低(P< 0.05、0.01)。醋甘遂醇提物及醇提加水提物中均检测到二萜类成分,醋甘遂水提物中二萜类成分较少。结论 醋甘遂粉末与醋甘遂醇提加水提物对癌性腹水模型大鼠泻水逐饮作用较为显著,且二者无显著性差异,而醋甘遂水提物作用较弱,为醋甘遂临床用药多入丸散提供依据。醋甘遂二萜类成分可能是其泻水逐饮活性成分。

Objective To study the effects of different extracts of Kansui Radix stir-baked with vinegar (KRV) on the function of expelling water retention with drastic purgative in cancerous ascites model rats. Methods The cancerous ascites model rats were respectively ig administered with KRV powder, ethanol extract, aqueous extract, and ehanol and aqueous extract of KRV (340 mg/kg) for 7 d. The amounts of urine and ascites, the levels of urinary sodium, potassium, chloride ion, and pH value, and the contents of PRA, Ang II, and ALD in serum were investigated. UPLC-QTOF MS technology was used to explore the components differences in various extracts of KRV. Results Compared with the control group, the amount of urine in model group was significantly reduced (P < 0.05), the ascites generated, and the urinary sodium, potassium, chloride ion, pH value, and the contents of PRA, Ang II, and ALD in serum were all significantly increased (P < 0.01). Compared with the model groups, the treatment groups showed decreasing trend in ascites; The amounts of urine in positive groups, powder groups, ethanol and aqueous extract groups showed a significant increase (P < 0.05); The level of urinary sodium of water extraction groups showed significant decrease (P < 0.05); The levels of urinary sodium, potassium, chloride ion, pH value, and the contents of PRA, Ang II, and ALD in serum of positive groups, powder groups, ethanol extract groups, and ethanol and aqueous extract groups all showed a significant decrease (P < 0.05, 0.01). Diterpenes were inspected in the alcohol extract and alcohol and aqueous extract, fewer in the aqueous extract. Conclusion Powder groups and ethanol and aqueous extract groups of KRV have remarkable effect on expelling water retention with drastic purgative, and there is no significant difference between the two groups, which could provide the basis for clinical medication of KRV that is made into the pill and powder. Diterpenes in KRV may be the active components on the function of expelling water retention with drastic purgative.

国家自然科学基金资助项目(30973940,81373972);江苏省“六大人才高峰”项目(2010-YY-009);江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目(ysxk-2014)