目的 建立半夏及其炮制品清半夏、姜半夏、法半夏和京半夏止咳效价测定的模型与方法,为初步探索生物效价测定法用于评价半夏及其炮制品的质量提供科学依据。方法 基于小鼠浓氨水引咳模型,采用量反应平行线(2.2)法建立半夏及其炮制品止咳效价的测定方法,测定其效价值,并结合总有机酸定量测定结果,分析总有机酸的量与生物效价二者的相关性。结果 半夏炮制后,止咳效价值均升高;京半夏的止咳效价值最大,为2 105.59 U/g;其后依次为法半夏、清半夏、姜半夏;半夏止咳效价值最小,为京半夏的1/3。结合总有机酸定量分析,半夏及其炮制品的止咳效价与总有机酸的量相关,其R²为0.692 0～0.917 8,表现为总有机酸的量增加,止咳效价值增大,二者呈显著的正相关。结论 该方法重复性、精密度良好,适用于半夏及其炮制品止咳效价的测定,可作为评价其质量的方法,为完善其质量标准,构建中药质控新模式提供了科学依据。

Objective To establish a method for determining the antitussive effects of Pinelliae Rhizoma (Pinelliae ternate), Pinelliae Rhizoma Praeparatum cum Alumine, Pinelliae Rhizoma Praeparatum cum Zingibere et Alumine, Pinelliae Rhizoma Praeparatum and Pinelliae Rhizoma Praeparatum cum Glycyrrhizae et Alumine, and provide a scientific basis for constructing a new quality evaluation pattern of crude and processed P. ternate. Methods Antitussive bioassay for crude and processed Pinelliae Rhizoma was established by taking parallel line quantitative analysis method, based on mouse cough model induced by strong aqua ammoniac. Correlation analysis was used to determine the relationships among the levels of different total organic acids and antitussive bioassay. Results The results showed that antitussive bioassay increased after prepared. Pinelliae Rhizoma Praeparatum cum Glycyrrhizae et Alumine had the highest antitussive bioassay (2 105.59 U/g), followed by Pinelliae Rhizoma Praeparatum, Pinelliae Rhizoma Praeparatum cum Alumine and Pinelliae Rhizoma Praeparatum cum Zingibere et Alumine; Pinelliae Rhizoma demonstrated the lowest antitussive bioassay which was only 1/3 of Pinelliae Rhizoma Praeparatum cum Glycyrrhizae et Alumine. The antitussive bioassay increased when the content of total organic acids was growing, presenting a significant positive correlation, R² among them ranged from 0.692 0 to 0.917 8. Conclusion The method is stable, precise, and good for determining the antitussive bioassay of crude and processed Pinelliae Rhizoma. It can be used in quality evaluation and quality standard and provide a scientific basis for the quality control of Chinese materia medica.

国家自然科学基金资助项目(81173492);四川省科技厅“十二五”农作物育种攻关(2011NZ0098-12);国家基础科学人才培养基金项目(J1310034-04);川产道地药材麦冬、半夏的品种和质量评价研究项目(2014F038)