目的 利用新型固体吸附技术建立一种新的灵芝提取物中去除重金属的处理方法。方法 将灵芝提取物加0.5%乙醇水溶液进行溶解, 加入10 mol/kg固体吸附剂, 室温搅拌吸附15 h, 进而采用电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)法和苯酚浓硫酸显色法分别测定吸附处理前后灵芝提取物中5种重金属元素(Pb、Cd、Hg、As、Cu)和有效成分灵芝多糖的量。结果 经吸附剂处理后的灵芝提取物中重金属量显著降低, Pb、Cd、Hg、As、Cu平均去除率分别为73.79%、74.28%、57.73%、76.55%、85.39%, 重金属总量去除率达81.68%, 达到《中国药典》2010年版标准, 灵芝多糖量变化甚小。结论 该新型吸附剂去除重金属效果明显且不影响有效成分的量, 可被推荐用于去除灵芝提取物中超标重金属。

Objective To establish a new method for removal of heavy metals pollution in Chinese materia medica extracts (CMME) with new kinds of solid scavenging technology. Methods 0.5% Ethanol aqueous solution was added into the Ganoderma lucidum extract to dissolve it, making the 10 mol/kg of scavenger into the sample solution, stirring for 15 h in ambient temperature, then the concentration of five kinds of heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Hg, As, and Cu) was determined by ICP-MS and the G. lucidum polysaccharide was detected by Phenol-sulfuric acid method in the extract with or without treatment. Results The concentrations of five kinds of heavy metals decreased significantly after the treatment of scavenging, average removing percentages of Pb, Cd, Hg, As, and Cu were respectively 73.79%, 74.28%, 57.73%, 76.55%, and 85.39%, removing percentage of the total heavy metals was 81.68%, which was up to the standard in Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2010. The content of G. lucidum polysaccharide kept almost the same after the treatment by the new solid technology. Conclusion The removal effect of heavy metals in extract by new scavenger is significant and the content of CMME is not affected. The method can be used to deal with G. lucidum extract if the heavy metals are exceed over the standard.

中英联合项目——贵州省中药现代化科技产业(黔科合中药字[2013]5010)