目的 比较胶艾汤和四物汤对血虚模型大鼠外周血象、免疫器官指数和红细胞膜能量代谢酶活力的影响, 探讨胶艾汤衍化为四物汤后补血功效变化的机制。方法 每天于大鼠眼底静脉丛放血5 mL/kg, 连续放血12 d, 复制大鼠血虚模型;同时造模大鼠分别ig 给予不同剂量的胶艾汤、四物汤、胶三汤及胶四汤, 复方阿胶浆为阳性对照, 各组均给药12 d;检测各组大鼠红细胞(RBC)、血红蛋白(HGB)、红细胞压积(HCT)、血小板(PLT)、免疫器官指数、红细胞膜Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺-ATP和Na⁺, K⁺-ATP酶活力。结果 与对照组比较, 模型组大鼠RBC、HGB、HCT、PLT明显降低(P<0.01), 红细胞膜Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺-ATP酶和Na⁺, K⁺-ATP酶活力明显降低(P<0.05、0.01), 脾脏和胸腺指数明显降低(P<0.05)。与模型组比较, 胶艾汤高、中剂量组可明显升高大鼠RBC、PLT、HCT、HGB(P<0.05、0.01), 升高脾脏和胸腺指数(P<0.05、0.01), 增强Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺-ATP酶和Na⁺, K⁺-ATP酶活力(P<0.05、0.01);四物汤组可明显升高大鼠RBC、HCT、PLT(P<0.05), 升高脾脏和胸腺指数(P<0.05、0.01), 增强Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺-ATP酶活力(P<0.05)。四物汤组对RBC和Na⁺, K⁺-ATP酶活力改善作用明显弱于胶艾汤中剂量组。结论 胶艾汤和四物汤均具有不同程度的补血作用, 胶艾汤衍化为四物汤后补血作用具有减弱的趋势。

Objective To compare the effects of Jiaoai Decoction and Siwu Decoction on peripheral hemogram, immune organ, and energy metabolism enzyme activity in blood deficiency model rats, and investigate the mechanism of Jiaoai Decoction derived as a tonic effect of Siwu Decoction after the change. Methods Taking every day on the fundus venous plexus put blood 5 mL/kg, 12 d continuous bleeding, to establish the rat model of blood deficiency, the red blood cell (RBC), hemoglobin (HGB), hematocrit (HCT), platelet (PLT), immune organ index, and energy metabolism enzyme activity were detected. Results Compared with the normal control group, RBC, HGB, HCT, and PLT could be significantly decreased (P < 0.01); Ca²⁺-Mg²⁺-ATP and Na⁺-K⁺-ATP enzyme activity could be decreased significantly (P < 0.05, 0.01) and Spleen, thymus index could also be decreased significantly (P < 0.05) in the model group. Compared with the model group, RBC, PLT, HCT, and HGB could be significantly increased (P < 0.05, 0.01), the spleen, thymus index could be increased (P < 0.05, 0.01), Ca²⁺-Mg²⁺-ATP and Na⁺-K⁺-ATP enzyme activity could be enhanced (P < 0.05, 0.01) in Jiaoai Decoction mid-dose group; RBC, HCT, and PLT could be significantly increased (P < 0.05), the spleen, thymus index could be increased (P < 0.05, 0.01), Ca²⁺-Mg²⁺-ATP enzyme activity could be enhanced (P < 0.05) in Siwu Decoction group. Compared with Jiaoai Decoction mid-dose group, the improvement of Siwu Decoction group on RBC and Na⁺-K⁺-ATP enzyme activity was significantly weaker than that in the mid-dose group of Jiaoai Decoction. Conclusion Jiaoai Decoction and Siwu Decoction have the effect of enriching the blood in different degrees, Jiaoai Decoction evolved into Siwu Decoction could decrease the efficacy of enriching the blood.

江苏省高校自然科学研究项目(12KJA360002);江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目(ysxk-2014)