目的 研究蛇附子(三叶崖爬藤Tetrastigma hemsleyanum的块根)的化学成分及抗氧化活性。方法 采用多种色谱技术对其进行分离纯化, 应用¹H-NMR、¹³C-NMR、MS、HR-MS等波谱学方法进行结构鉴定;利用DPPH法进行抗氧化活性测定。结果 从蛇附子80%甲醇提取物中分离得到14个化合物, 分别鉴定为山柰酚(1)、槲皮素(2)、水杨酸(3)、苯甲酸(4)、氧化白藜芦醇(5)、儿茶素(6)、表儿茶素(7)、表没食子儿茶素(8)、原花青素B₂(9)、原花青素B₁(10)、绿原酸(11)、原儿茶醛(12)、对羟基苯甲酸(13)、原儿茶酸(14);其中化合物2、8、9、10、12抗氧化活性IC₅₀值分别为14.15、14.19、15.99、12.4、15.98 μmol/L, 优于阳性药维生素C(IC₅₀值为23.0 μmol/L)。结论 化合物4～12均系首次从该植物中分离, 得到蛇附子中除了黄酮类成分外, 也富含较多的有机酸类成分;并且化合物2、8、9、10、12抗氧化活性良好。

Objective To study the chemical compositions from the root tuber of Tetrastigma hemsleyanum and their anti-oxidative activities. Methods The compounds were isolated by various column chromatography. Their structures were identified by spectroscopic methods including ¹H-NMR, ¹³C-NMR, MS, HR-MS, etc. The anti-oxidative activities were evaluated by DPPH radical scavenging assay. Results Fourteen compounds were isolated from the root tuber of T. hemsleyanum, they were identified as kaempferol (1), quercetin (2), salicylic acid (3), benzoic acid (4), oxyresveratrol (5), catechin (6), L-epicatechin (7), epigallocatechin (8), procyanidin B₂ (9), procyanidin B₁ (10), 3-O-caffeoylquinic acid (11), protocatechualdehyde (12), p-hydroxybenzoic acid (13), and protocatechuic acid (14). The anti-oxidative IC₅₀ values of compounds 2, 8, 9, 10, and 12 were 14.15, 14.19, 15.99, 12.4, and 15.98 μmol/L, respectively, better than the positive control Vit C (IC₅₀ value was 23.0 μmol/L). Conclusion Compounds 4—12 are isolated from T. hemsleyanum for the first time. It has been demonstrated that the root tuber contain flavonoids and also is rich in organic acids. Moreover, compounds 2, 8, 9, 10, and 12 have the certain prospects in the development of natural anti-oxidative agents.

福建省教育厅资助课题(JA13154);国家公益性行业科研专项(201407002-3);福建中医药大学校管课题(X2014134-学科);国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(201510393014)