多药耐药性(multidrug resistance, MDR)是肿瘤化疗失败的主要原因, 也是长久以来困扰着肿瘤治疗的临床难题。MDR机制的形成是一个多基因、多因素、多水平、多结构和多步骤的复杂过程。克服肿瘤细胞MDR, 提高抗癌药物疗效已成为当今肿瘤研究的重点与关键课题。目前多数化学药逆转剂往往只针对单一的耐药机制, 且逆转剂本身不良反应较大, 制约着临床的使用。中医药治疗恶性肿瘤有其独特的优势, 在临床上亦取得了可喜的成绩, 越来越多的中药抗癌药物正在被挖掘、被研究、被使用。中药治疗疾病具有多途径、多环节、多靶点的特点, 能明显提高化疗药物对肿瘤的细胞毒作用。从论述MDR的机制入手, 综述近年来中药逆转肿瘤MDR的研究进展。

Multidrug resistance (MDR) is the main reason for the failure of cancer chemotherapy and also has long plagued the tumor therapy in clinic. The formation of MDR is a complex process with multi gene, multi factor, multi levels, multi structure, and multi steps. To overcome the MDR in tumor cells and improve the curative effect of anticancer drug have become the focus and key topic in tumor research. Nowadays most Western medicine reversal agents only aim at single resistance mechanism and reversal, but they have many adverse reactions which restrict the clinical use. The treatment of malignant tumor with traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has its unique advantages and gratifying achievements in clinic, more and more anticancer drugs of Chinese materia medica (CMM) are being excavated, studied, and used. CMM used for the treatment of the disease with the properties of multi-channel, multi link, multi targeted effect, could significantly improve the chemotherapy drugs on tumor cytotoxicity. Many scholars are devoted to TCM reversing MDR in cancer. This paper discusses the mechanism of MDR; The studies on the reversal of MDR of tumor with CMM are reviewed in this paper.