目的 探索罗汉果Siraitia grosvenorii三倍体雌株与二倍体雄株的遗传背景,为无籽罗汉果优良品种的选育提供分子生物学依据。方法 利用ISSR分子标记对28份罗汉果种质进行遗传背景分析,用AFLP-SURV计算材料间遗传距离;用TSYS-pc和GenAIEx分别进行聚类和主坐标分析。结果 从100条ISSR引物中筛选出13条用于扩增,共获得131条清晰可辨条带,其中多态性条带99条,多态性位点百分率为75.57%。聚类和主坐标分析表明罗汉果三倍体雌株和二倍体雄株的遗传背景存在一定的丰富性,但大多遗传相似性系数较大,遗传距离较近。结论 罗汉果三倍体雌株和二倍体雄株遗传背景的复杂性较低,应该尽快采取相应措施,进行种质创新,丰富无籽罗汉果亲本的遗传背景。

Objective To evaluate the genetic background of triploid female and diploid male strains of Siraitia grosvenorii and provide the biological reference for good varieties breeding of seedless S. grosvenorii. Methods Inter simple sequence repeats (ISSR) marker was developed to analyze the genetic background among 28 samples of S. grosvenorii, and cluster analysis and double principal coordinate analysis were revealed by the NTSYS-pc software and GenAIEx software, respectively. Results Out of 100 ISSR primers selected, 13 primers were used for amplification and a total of 131 unambiguous bands were obtained, among which 99 (PPB = 75.57%) were polymorphic. The results of cluster analysis and double principal coordinate analysis showed that there was a certain rich of genetic background in triploid female and diploid male strains of S. grosvenorii. But the genetic similarity coefficients of majority were bigger and the genetic distance was closer. Conclusion The complexity of the genetic background in triploid female and diploid male strains of S. grosvenorii is lower and germplasm innovation strategies should be carried out to enrich the genetic background of the parents of seedless S. grosvenorii.

国家"十二五"科技支撑计划项目(2011BAI01B03);国家自然科学基金资助项目(81373914);广西自然科学基金资助项目(2013GXNSFDA019021,2013GXNSFBA019170)