目的 研究吉林产西洋参内生菌资源状况,筛选出对西洋参病原菌具有拮抗作用的内生菌。方法 采用混菌法初筛和发酵液拮抗法复筛来筛选具有拮抗活性的菌株,并用16 S rDNA和ITS方法鉴定筛选得到的内生菌株。结果 在西洋参中共分离获得34株内生菌,通过初筛和复筛后,从中选出了6株对西洋参病原菌具有较好拮抗作用的菌株,分别为B3、B11、B17、B23、B24、F10,其中B3对7种病原菌均表现出了抑菌作用,F10对锈腐病菌Cylindrocarpon destructan和黑斑病菌Alternaria panax的抑菌效果最好,其抑菌圈直径均大于35 mm,经鉴定B3和F10分别为芽孢杆菌Bacillus methylotrophicus和暗黄青霉Penicillium citreonigrum。结论 西洋参内生菌具有多样性,并有拮抗活性高的菌株存在,可以成为西洋参病害生防菌的新来源。

Objective To study the resource situation of endophytes in Panax quinquefolium of Jilin province and to select the endophytes with antagonistic effect on pathogenic fungi of P. quinquefolium. Methods The strains with the antagonistic activity were screened by applying mixed strains method during preliminary screening and adopting the antagonism method of fermentation liquor in re-screening; Besides, the selected endogenous strains were identified via 16 S rDNA and ITS method. Results Thirty-four endogenous strains were isolated from P. quinquefolium. After preliminary screening and re-screening, six strains with good antagonistic effect on pathogenic fungi of P. Quinquefolium were selected: B3, B11, B17, B23, B24, and F10. Among them, B3 showed an inhibitory effect on seven pathogenic fungi; F10 had a good inhibitory effect on Cylindrocarpon destructans and Alternaria panax, with an inhibitory zone diameter over 35 mm; According to the identification, B3 and F10 were Bacillus methylotrophicus and Penicillium citreonigrum respectively. Conclusion Endophytes in P. quinquefolium are diversified and there also exist strains with high antagonistic activity, which can be a good source for biocontrol bacterium and fungus of P. quinquefolium diseases.

国家自然科学基金资助项目(31201161);吉林省教育厅科学技术研究项目(2014-61);吉林省中医药管理局中医药科技项目(2013-4)