目的 比较胶艾汤和四物汤对急性血瘀模型大鼠血液流变学、凝血功能和血小板聚集率的影响，探讨胶艾汤衍化为四物汤后活血功效变化的机制。方法 采用sc肾上腺素加冰水浴复制大鼠急性血瘀模型，检测各组大鼠全血黏度、血浆黏度、红细胞压积（HCT）、凝血4项、血小板聚集率。结果 与对照组比较，模型组大鼠全血黏度、血浆黏度、HCT明显升高（P<0.01），凝血酶时间（TT）、凝血酶原时间（PT）、部分活化凝血活酶时间（APTT）明显缩短，纤维蛋白原（FIB）的量明显增加（P<0.01），血小板聚集率明显增大（P<0.01）。与模型组比较，四物汤组大鼠全血黏度、血浆黏度、HCT明显降低（P<0.05、0.01），TT、PT、APTT明显延长（P<0.05）、FIB的量明显降低（P<0.01），血小板聚集率明显降低（P<0.01）；胶艾汤中剂量组大鼠1 s^-1切变率下的全血黏度与HCT明显降低（P<0.05、0.01），APTT明显延长（P<0.05），PT明显缩短（P<0.01），血小板聚集率明显降低（P<0.05）。与胶艾汤中剂量组比较，四物汤组大鼠PT明显延长（P<0.01）。结论 胶艾汤和四物汤均具有不同程度改善血液流变性、延长凝血时间、抑制血小板聚集等活血作用，胶艾汤衍化为四物汤后活血作用增强。

Objective To compare the effects of Jiaoai Decoction and Siwu Decoction on hemorheology, blood coagulation function, and platelet aggregation in acute blood stasis rats, and reveal that Jiaoai Decoction evolved into Siwu Decoction could increase the efficacy of activating blood circulation and dissipating blood stasis. Methods Ice water bath and sc injection of adrenaline were both used to establish the acute blood stasis rat model. The whole blood viscosity (WBV), plasma viscosity (PV), haematocrit (HCT), thrombin time (TT), prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), plasma fibrinogen (FIB), and platelet aggregation (PAG) were detected to observe the effects of Jiaoai Decoction and Siwu Decoction on the acute blood stasis rat model. Results Compared with the normal control group, the model group could significantly increase hemorheological indices (P < 0.01), shorten TT, PT, and APTT (P < 0.01), and increase the FIB content (P < 0.01) and platelet aggregation (P < 0.01). Compared with the model group, Siwu Decoction could significantly decrease WBV, PV, and HCT (P < 0.05, 0.01), prolong TT, APTT, and PT (P < 0.05), and reduce the content of FIB (P < 0.01) and platelet aggregation (P < 0.01). The mid-dose Jiaoai Decoction could significantly decrease WBV in 1 s^-1 and HCT (P < 0.05, 0.01), prolong APTT (P < 0.05) and shorten PT (P < 0.01), and reduce the platelet aggregation (P < 0.01). Compared with mid-dose Jiaoai Decoction, Siwu Decoction could significantly prolong the TT (P < 0.01). Conclusion Jiaoai Decoction evolved into Siwu Decoction could increase the efficacy of activating blood circulation and dissipating blood stasis. Meanwhile, the study reveals the scientific evidence for Jiaoai Decoction and Siwu Decoction in clinical application.

江苏省高校自然科学研究项目（12KJA360002）