目的 研究金线莲Anoectochilus roxburghii种质资源及其伪品的遗传多样性。方法 采用ISSR方法，对24份试验材料进行PCR扩增，对扩增结果进行电泳检测。对条带进行“0”、“1”矩阵标记后，应用NTSYSpc软件，计算材料间的遗传距离，按照UPGMA法进行聚类分析，构建聚类图。结果 采用ISSR技术可以鉴别出台湾金线莲、福建金线莲和公石松。地理分布和形态差异较大的福建金线莲具有相近的遗传关系。结论 金线莲野生种质资源间存在较丰富的遗传多样性，为金线莲的品种选育带来巨大空间。

Objective To study the germplasm resources of Anoectochilus roxburghii.and the genetic diversity of its spurious breed. Methods By ISSR-PCR amplification, 24 samples were PCR amplified, and then electrophoresis detected. After marking the electrophoresis strips with “0” and “1”matrix, the genetic distances were calculated by NTSYSpc software, and the dendrogram was constructed by UPGMA. Results A. roxburghii, A. formosanus, and A. sp. were identified. A. roxburghii with different geographical distribution and morphology had the close genetic relationship. Conclusion The wild population of A. roxburghii resources have higher genetic diversity, witch could provide a great genetic library for varieties breeding.

公益性行业（农业）科研专项（201303117）；福建省种业创新与产业化工程资助项目（2011FJZY）；福建省属公益类科研院所专项资助项目（2011R1020-6）