目的 研究甘肃不同居群中麻黄Ephedra intermedia的遗传多样性。方法 应用ISSR分子标记技术对甘肃省11个居群的中麻黄样本进行分析，利用POPGENE 32软件分析Nei’s基因多样性指数（H）等遗传信息参数，应用NTSYS软件构建亲缘关系UPGMA聚类图。结果 12条引物共检测到175个位点，其中多态性位点150个，多态位点百分率（PPL）为85.71%。中麻黄居群间的H为0.211 4，Shannon’s多样性信息指数（I）为0.332 1，种群间基因分化系数（G_st）为0.259 3，基因流（N_m）为1.428 6，遗传距离0.014 4～0.159 8。结论 甘肃中麻黄种群遗传多样性水平较高，但居群内遗传多样性水平低于居群间；中麻黄种群的遗传变异主要存在于居群内；亲缘关系与地理分布具有一定的相关性。

Objective To investigate the genetic diversity of Ephedra intermedia from different populations in Gansu. Methods ISSR markers were used to analyze the genetic diversity of 11 populations of E. intermedia. Nei's genetic diversity index (H) and other parameters of genetic information were calculated by POPGEN 32. UPGMA relationship dendrogram was clustered by NTSYS. Results Twelve primers produced 185 bands, among which 150 were polymorphic bands, and the percentage of polymorphic loci (PPL) was 85.71%. H and Shannon's information index (I) were 0.211 4 and 0.332 1, and genetic differentiation coefficient (G_st) and gene flow (N_m) were 0.259 3 and 1.428 6 within the population levels. The genetic distance varied from 0.014 4 to 0.159 8. Conclusion The genetic diversity among the populations of E. intermedia is at higher level, but the level of genetic diversity within populations than between populations. Genetic variance of E. intermedia mainly exists among populations. The genetic distance of E. intermedia is associated with geographical distance.

科技基础性工作专项重点项目子课题（SB2007FY020）；甘肃教育厅科研项目（1106B-07）；甘肃中医学院中青年基金项目（ZQ2011-12）