目的 考察减压提取应用于丹参的合理性，并优选丹参减压提取工艺参数。方法 应用HPLC法测定丹酚酸B，采用Plackett-Burman实验设计筛选丹参减压提取的主要影响因素，考察各影响因素的显著性，结合Box-Behnken效应面法优选丹酚酸B的减压提取最佳工艺参数。结果 丹参药材中丹酚酸B的减压提取的最佳工艺为提取之前避光浸泡12 h，提取时间89 min、提取次数1次、料液比1∶11和提取温度80 ℃。丹酚酸B的提取率实验值平均可达5.01%，与预测值之间平均偏差率为?1.54%，建立的数学模型和实验观察数据相符。与相同条件下常压提取比较，所得丹酚酸B提取率提高了28.87%，浸膏得率降低了9.01%。结论 Plackett-Burman实验设计联用Box-Behnken效应面法优化丹参减压提取工艺是科学可行的，该方法可靠、精确度高、重复性好、预测性强；丹参药材中丹酚酸B适宜减压回流提取。

Objective To investigate the rationality of decompressing extraction on Salvia mihiorrhiza and to optimize the decompressing extraction process of salvianolic acid B from S. mihiorrhiza. Methods HPLC was applied to determining the content of salvianolic acid B. Plackett-Burman design, Box-Behnken design, and response surface analysis were used to screen the main factors and optimize the decompressing extraction process for salvianolic acid B. Results The optimal decompressing extraction process for salvianolic acid B is that S. mihiorrhiza was immersed in water for 12 h and kept in the dark before extracting, the optimal process parameters were as follows: extraction temperature 80 ℃, extraction time 89 min, and the ratio of liquid to solid 11. Under this condition, the experimental results for extracted content of salvianolic acid B was 5.01% on average. The deviation rate of predicted value was ?1.54% on average. The establishing mathematical model was consistent with the experimental data. Compared with the atmospheric pressure extraction, the content of salvianolic acid B was increased by 28.87% and the dry extract yield was reduced by 9.01%. Conclusion Using Plackett-Burman design and Box-Behnken design method to optimize the decompressing extraction process of salvianolic acid B from S. mihiorrhiza is scientific and feasible. The method is reliable, accurate, reproducible, and predicted. The decompressing extraction is suitable for the extraction of salvianolic acid B.

国家自然科学基金资助项目（81173565）；江西省教育厅项目（GJJ13603）