目的 考察侧柏叶炮制前后对干酵母致血热复合出血模型大鼠的止血作用。方法 以云南白药为阳性药，对照组和模型组ig羧甲基纤维素钠（CMC-Na），阳性组、侧柏叶生品组、侧柏叶炭品组分别ig给予相应的药物，连续给药7 d，第7天给药后复制血热复合出血模型，考察大鼠全血及血浆黏度、血浆凝血酶时间（TT）、活化部分凝血活酶时间（APTT）、凝血酶原时间（PT）、纤维蛋白原（FIB）的量、红细胞计数（RBC）、血红蛋白的量（HGb）、红细胞压积（HCT）、血小板计数（PLT）、血小板压积（PCT）、平均血小板体积（MPV）、血小板分布宽度（PDW）及肺组织病理学变化。结果 与对照组比较，模型组大鼠各切变率下全血黏度及血浆黏度明显增加（P＜0.05、0.01），RBC、HGb及HCT显著升高（P＜0.01）；TT和APTT显著延长，PT显著缩短，FIB的量显著增加（P＜0.01）；PLT、PCT、MPV和PDW明显增加（P＜0.05、0.01）；侧柏叶生品及炭品均可明显降低血热复合出血模型大鼠全血低切黏度及血浆黏度（P＜0.05）；生品组及炭品组均可不同程度降低RBC、HGb和HCT（P＜0.05、0.01）；生品组可明显缩短TT和APTT（P＜0.05、0.01），明显降低FIB的量（P＜0.05）；炭品组可显著缩短TT和APTT（P＜0.01），显著降低FIB的量（P＜0.01），明显降低大鼠PLT、PCT、MPV及PDW（P＜0.05）；生品组及炭品组均可使肺损伤得到明显修复（P＜0.05、0.01）。结论 侧柏叶生品和炭品均有一定的止血作用，可不同程度地改善血热复合出血模型大鼠的血液流变学及血小板相关参数，改善肺出血等病理性损伤，主要通过作用于内源性凝血途径改善凝血功能，且炒炭后止血作用增强。

Objective To discuss the hemostasis of Platycladi Cacumen (PC) before and after processing on the blood heat and hemorrhage syndrome rat model induced by dry yeast. Methods The SD rats were divided into five groups. Yunnan Baiyao was taken as the positive control drug. The rats in the control and model groups were fed with CMC-Na for 7 d, and the rats in other groups were fed with corresponding drugs simultaneously. On day 7, the blood heat and hemorrhage syndrome rat model was established. Indexes including the whole blood viscosity, plasma viscosity, thrombin time (TT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), prothrombin time (PT), fibrinogen content (FIB), red blood cell (RBC), hemoglobin (HGb), hematocrit (HCT), blood platelet count (PLT), thrombocytocrit (PCT), mean platelet volume (MPV), and platelet distribution width (PDW) were detected, and the histopathological examinations of lungs among each group were compared. Results Compared with the control group, the RBC, HGb, and HCT of rats in the model group increased significantly ( P < 0.01 ), with significant increase in high, middle and low whole blood viscosities and plasma viscosity (P < 0.05, 0.01) of rats in the model group; TT and APTT were notably prolonged, while PT was notably shortened, with significant increase in FIB content (P < 0.01); Additionally, PLT, PCT, MPV, and PDW remarkably increased (P < 0.05, 0.01). After ig administration of PC or Platycladi Cacumen Carbonisatum (PCC), the low whole blood viscosities and plasma viscosity were remarkably decreased (P < 0.05, 0.01), and RBC, HGb, and HCT were remarkably decreased (P < 0.05, 0.01); TT and APTT of PC group were remarkably shortened (P < 0.05, 0.01), with remarkable decrease in FIB content (P < 0.05); TT and APTT of PCC group were significantly shortened (P < 0.01), with significant decrease in FIB content (P < 0.01); Meanwhile, PLT, PCT, MPV, and PDW of PCC group remarkably decreased (P < 0.05); The injury of lungs was also improved in both groups. Conclusion Both PC and PCC show the effect of hemostasis by ameliorating hemorheological parameters and platelet parameters to different degrees, improving coagulation function mainly by acting on the endogenous coagulation. Simultaneously, they could ameliorate the damaged lungs, but the therapeutical effect is stronger after being carbonized.

国家自然科学基金资助项目（81173547）；江苏省普通高校研究生创新计划（CXZZ12-0621）