目的 研究广东桑Morus atropurpurea叶的化学成分和生物活性。方法 采用硅胶、ODS、Sephadex LH-20及HPLC等柱色谱技术进行分离纯化，根据波谱数据及理化性质鉴定化合物结构；采用pNP法测定了多羟基生物碱类化合物对α-葡萄糖苷酶的抑制作用。结果 从广东桑叶乙醇提取物中分离得到了18个化合物，分别鉴定为l-脱氧野尻霉素（1）、fagomine（2）、胞苷（3）、2-(1′, 2′, 3′, 4′-四羟基丁基)-5-(2″, 3″, 4″-三羟基丁基)-吡嗪（4）、2-(1′, 2′, 3′, 4′-四羟基丁基)-6-(2″, 3″, 4″-三羟基丁基)-吡嗪（5）、2-(1′, 2′, 3′, 4′-四羟基丁基)-5-(1″, 2″, 3″, 4″-四羟基丁基)-吡嗪（6）、槲皮素3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷（7）、山柰酚3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷（8）、山柰酚3-O-β-D-芸香糖苷（9）、菊苣苷（10）、roseoside（11）、植醇（12）、伞形花内酯（13）、3-醛基吲哚（14）、咖啡酸乙酯（15）、蔗糖（16）、β-谷甾醇（17）、胡萝卜苷（18）。结论 化合物5、6、14、15为首次从桑属植物中分离得到，化合物3、4、7～13、16为首次从该植物中分离得到。化合物1～6具有一定的抑制α-葡萄糖苷酶的活性。

Objective To study the chemical constituents in the leaves of Morus atropurpurea and their biological activity. Methods The chemical constituents were isolated by silica gel, ODS, Sephadex LH-20 column chromatographies, as well as HPLC. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of physicochemical properties and spectral analysis. The inhibitory effect of the compounds on α-glucosidase was tested by pNP method. Results Eighteen compounds were isolated from the leaves of M. atropurpurea. Their structures were identified as 1-deoxynojirinycin (1), fagomine (2), cytidine (3), 2-(1′, 2′, 3′, 4′-tetrahydroxybutyl)-5-(2″, 3″, 4″-trihydroxybutyl)-pyrazine (4), 2-(1′, 2′, 3′, 4′-tetrahydroxybutyl)-6-(2″, 3″, 4″-trihydroxybutyl)-pyrazine (5), 2-(1′, 2′, 3′, 4′-tetrahydroxybutyl)-5-(1″, 2″, 3″, 4″-tetrahydroxybutyl)-pyrazine (6), quercetin 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (7), kaempferol 3-O-β- D-glucopyranoside (8), kaempferol 3-O-β-rutinoside (9), cichorioside (10), roseoside (11), phytol (12), umbelliferone (13), 1H-indole-3-aldehyde (14), ethyl trans-caffeate (15), sucrose (16), β-sitosterol (17), and daucosterol (18). Conclusion Compounds 5, 6, 14, and 15 are isolated from the plants of Morus Stapf. for the first time, and compounds 3, 4, 7—13, and 16 are firstly reported from M. atropurpurea. Compounds 1—6 display the potential inhibitory activities on α-glucosidase.

国家科技支撑计划（2013BAI11B05）；港澳台科技合作专项（2013DFM30080）；中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助（21612203）；广东省高校国际科技合作创新平台项目（gjhz1003）