目的 比较5个基源6个品种川贝母防治小鼠复发性哮喘的疗效。方法 81只雌性昆明小鼠按体质量均衡随机分为9组：模型组、对照组、地塞米松阳性对照组、6个品种川贝母醇提物给药组。除对照组外，其他各组小鼠于第1、7、14天sc卵白蛋白佐剂致敏，第22～28天以卵白蛋白生理盐水溶液雾化发敏。在造模同时，地塞米松组每天给药1次，每次0.6 mg/kg；川贝母醇提物每天给药1次，每次生药830 mg/kg均连续给药28 d，对照组给药同量0.1%羧甲基纤维素。检测肺泡灌洗液表面张力；HE染色法镜下观察肺组织病理变化，形态计量细支气管狭窄和肺泡体积差。结果 与对照组比较，模型组小鼠气管狭窄，肺泡体积差与肺洗液表面张力增加（P＜0.01）；细支气管管壁充血、水肿、炎细胞浸润，腺体增生，黏液分泌亢进。川贝母各组小鼠病变减轻（P＜0.01）；在增加肺表面活性物质、维持肺表面张力与肺泡体积差异上，暗紫贝母（松贝）和梭砂贝母作用突出；在减轻细支气管狭窄上，暗紫贝母（松贝）和太白贝母作用突出；减少炎性细胞浸润上，暗紫贝母（松贝）和甘肃贝母作用突出；在减轻腺体增生、内膜增厚上，暗紫贝母（松贝）和太白贝母作用突出。总体效果以暗紫贝母（松贝）最好。结论 6种川贝母在防治小鼠复发哮喘总体效果和作用环节上各有特色，应保护药用川贝母的品种多样性。

Objective To investigate the effect of gastrodin against oxidative stress induced by high glucose in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). Methods Primary HUVEC were isolated and cultured, then the oxidative injury model of HUVEC was established by high glucose, and the cells were treated with different concentration of gastrodin. The cell viability of HUVEC, nitric oxide (NO) content, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities, total anti-oxidative capacity (T-AOC), malondialdehyde (MDA) content, and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) level were determined. Furthermore, the expression of NF-κB mRNA in HUVEC was also detected by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR. Results Compared with the control group, the oxidative stress was strengthened obviously in cells treated with high glucose. However, gastrodin could increase the activity of SOD and CAT and enhance T-AOC in HUVEC. Meanwhile, the amounts of MDA and ROS were decreased, and the level of NF-κB mRNA was also reduced markedly. Conclusion These results indicate that gastrodin could inhibit the oxidative stress in HUVEC by enhancing the activity of anti-oxidative enzyme, and decreasing the amounts of lipid peroxidation products and ROS. The mechanism may be involved in NF-κB pathway.

国家自然科学基金资助项目（20972061）；华侨大学侨办基金（10QZR15）；福建省自然科学基金（2013J01337）