[关键词]
[摘要]
目的 探索减压提取在中药复方三生合欢饮制备中的应用优势。方法 首先以辛弗林、厚朴酚等为评价指标,获得三生合欢饮减压提取法的工艺参数,然后比较了减压与常压水提取的有效成分提取率、浸出物得率、挥发性成分、浸膏粉粉体性质,以及枳实和厚朴提取前后的微观结构。结果 减压提取的优化工艺为真空度0.08 MPa(温度60 ℃),料液比为1∶10,提取2次,每次30 min;与常压相比,减压提取辛弗林提取率提高了约13%,厚朴酚提取率提高了约10%,知母皂苷BII提取率与常压提取相当;干膏收率降低了约33%。挥发性成分比较表明,减压提取所得挥发成分基本与常压提取相同,但其量比常压提取低。浸膏粉与常压水提醇沉粉体的流动性、吸湿性相似。厚朴、枳实的扫描电镜图表明,减压提取未使细胞壁破裂,细胞呈现排列紊乱、皱缩,但完整性比常压提取好。结论 三生合欢饮采用减压提取从能耗、提取效果、对后续制剂的便利上看均优于传统的常压提取方法,可以推广到中药复方制剂的提取工艺中。
[Key word]
[Abstract]
Objective To explore the advantages of decompression extraction applied in the preparation of Sansheng Hehuang Decoction (SHD). Methods The process parameters of decompression extraction of SHD were optimized using synephrine and magnolol as indexes, the active components content, extract yield, extract powder characteristics, and volatile components by decompression extraction and atmospheric extraction were compared, and the microcosmic structures of synephrine and magnolol were observed. Results The optimum extraction parameters were as follows: vacuum degree of 0.08 MPa (60 ℃), extracting twice for 30 min each time, and solid-liquid ratio of 1∶10. Compared with the extraction at normal pressure by water, the content of synephrine increased by 13%, the extracting rate of magnolol increased by 10% while the extracting rate of timosaponin BII was almost the same, and the yield of the dried extract decreased by about 33%. The kinds of volatile components by decompression extraction were almost the same as those by atmospheric extraction, but the yield was lower than that by atmospheric extraction. Besides, the powder characteristics including flowability and hygroscopicity of the extract prepared by decompression extraction were similar to those by water extraction and alcohol precipitation at normal pressure. Scanning electron microscopy showed that the decompression extraction did not break the cell wall, and the cells presented arrangement disorder and shrinkage, while the cell integrity was better than that extracted at normal pressure. Conclusion In regard to energy consumption, extraction effectness, and convenience to the subsequent preparation, the decompression extraction method is superior to the traditional atmospheric extraction method, and it could be applied in the extraction process for Chinese materia medica preparations.
[中图分类号]
[基金项目]
浙江省重大科技专项(2010C13015)