目的 通过对新疆贝母属植物进行遗传多样性分析，以期获得新疆贝母属不同种之间的遗传多态性。方法 应用琼脂糖凝胶电泳法结合ISSR分子标记，对所选材料进行遗传多样性与亲缘关系的综合分析。结果 2%琼脂糖凝胶电泳扩增总条带数为185条，其中多态性条带为181条，多态性条带比率（PPB）为97.84%。基于UPGMA软件对10种贝母的遗传差异性分析表明，12个ISSR引物可以将新疆贝母不同种之间遗传差异明显区分开来，其遗传相似系数范围在0.37～0.80，以0.50为最低遗传相似系数，可将10种贝母分成4个大类。结论 揭示了10种贝母种质资源间的遗传多样性与亲缘关系，为新疆野生贝母属植物资源的收集和种间分类等提供理论依据。

Objective In order to gain genetic polymorphism among different species, the genetic diversity of the plants in Fritillaria L. from Xinjiang was analyzed. Methods Agarose gel electrophoresis and inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) analysis were used to investigate the genetic diversity and genetic relationship of the samples in Fritillaria L. from Xinjiang. Results Total 185 bands were amplified and detected by 2% agarose gel electrophoresis, including 181 polymorphic bands with the percentage of polymorphic bands (PPB) at 97.84%. Twelve ISSR primers could significantly separate different species of plants in Fritillaria L. from Xinjiang with genetic similarity coefficient (GS) ranged from 0.37 to 0.80 revealed by UPGMA analysis. Ten species in Fritillaria L. from Xinjiang were clustered into four groups using 0.50 as the lowest GS. Conclusion The results indicate that ISSR technique is useful in revealing the genetic diversity and genetic relationship among 10 species in Fritillaria L., which could provide a scientific basis for the resource collection and identification of the species in Fritillaria L. from Xinjiang.

新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学青年基金项目（2010211B34）