目的 探索曼陀罗种子萌发及组织培养条件的优化。方法 利用不同质量浓度GA₃及不同处理时间的曼陀罗种子，测定其发芽率和发芽势；采用正交设计法探讨不同植物激素配比及培养基对曼陀罗再生体系建立的影响。结果 种子用60 mg/L GA₃浸泡10 h后发芽率最高，达到73.33%；叶片用75%乙醇消毒15 s后用0.1% HgCl₂处理3 min时成活率最高，为70.59%；以叶片为外植体诱导出愈伤组织的最佳培养基为MS＋0.5 mg/L 6-BA＋0.1 mg/L NAA，诱导率达92.5%；丛生芽诱导的适宜培养基为MS＋2.0 mg/L 6-BA＋0.1 mg/L NAA，诱导率达到94.50%；生根为不加激素的MS培养基，15 d后根系粗壮，移栽成活率达90%以上。结论 使用GA₃促使曼陀罗种子快速萌发，用“两步法”建立了曼陀罗高效无菌再生体系。

Objective To optimize the conditions for the seed germination and plant regeneration of Datura stramonium. Methods The seeds were treated by GA₃ at different concentration for various durations, the germination percentage and germination trend of seeds were determined, and the effects of different hormones and media on the plant regeneration were investigated by orthogonal design. Results The seeds treated by GA₃ (60 mg/L) for 10 h had the highest germination percentage (73.33%); The leaves had the highest survival rate (70.59%) when sterilized in 75% ethyl alcohol for 15 s then 0.1% HgCl₂ for 3 min; The optimal medium for callus induction of leaves was MS + 0.5 mg/L 6-BA + 0.1 mg/L NAA, with the inductivity of 92.5%; The optimal medium for callus induction of clustered buds was MS + 2.0 mg/L 6-BA + 0.1 mg/L NAA, with the inductivity of 94.50%; The rooting was radicated in hormone free MS medium and grew well after 15 d, and the survival rate of planting is over 95%. Conclusion The seeds of D. stramonium germinate faster after being treated by GA₃, and high efficient steriled plant regeneration system for D. stramonium is established by the “two-step method”.

国家级大学生创新创业训练计划资助（201210635067）；贵州省科技基金（黔科合J字[2011]2162号）；贵州警官职业学院科技基金（10ZDZK03）