目的研究苦瓜Momordica charantia叶的化学成分。方法采用硅胶、Sephadex LH-20等多种柱色谱方法进行分离纯化,通过理化常数和波谱分析鉴定化合物的结构。结果从苦瓜叶95%乙醇提取物中分离得到11个化合物,分别鉴定为(19S,23E)-5β,19-epoxy-19-methoxycucurbita-6,23-diene-3β,25-diol(1)、(19R,23E)-5β,19-epoxy-19-methoxycucurbita-6,23-diene-3β,25-diol(2)、3β,7β,25-trihydroxycucurbita-5,23-dien-19-al(3)、3β,7β,25-trihydroxycucurbita-5,23-dien-19-al-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(4)、苦瓜素Ⅰ(5)、苦瓜素Ⅳ(6)、大豆脑苷Ⅰ(7)、α-菠甾醇(8)、α-香树素乙酸酯(9)、β-谷甾醇(10)和胡萝卜苷(11)。结论化合物1、3、8～11为首次从该植物中分离得到。

Objective To study the chemical constituents from the leaves of Morreorciica charantia. Methods The compounds were isolated and purified by column chromatography on silica gel, ODS, Sephadex LH-20, and preparative HPLC. Their structures were identified by physicochemical properties and spectral data. Results Eleven compounds were isolated from 95070 ethanol extract of M. charantia and elucidated as (195, 23E)-5p，19-epoxy-l9-methoxycucurbita-6, 23-dime-3p，25-diol (1), (19R, 2E)-5p，19-epoxy- 19-methoxycucurbita-6, 23-dime-3p，25-diol (2), 3p，7p，25-trihydroxycucurbita-5, 23-then-l9-al (3), 3p，7p，25-trihydroxy- cucurbita-5, 23-then-l9-al-3-O-p-D-glucopyranoside (4), momordicin I (5), momordicin IV (6), soya-cerebroside I (7), a- spinasterol (8), a-amyrin acetate (9),p-sitosterol (10), and daucosterol (11), respectively. Conclusion Compounds 1, 3, and 8-11 are isolated from M. charantia for the first time.