目的 采用DNA条形码序列对9种常见的蒿属药用植物进行鉴定，为常见蒿属药用植物的鉴定提供分子依据。方法 对9种常见蒿属药用植物的4条候选DNA条形码序列（ITS2、rbcL、matK、psbA-trnH）进行PCR扩增和测序，比较各序列的扩增和测序效率，应用BLAST1、Distance方法来评估各序列的鉴定效率。此外，基于MEGA5分析9种常见蒿属药用植物ITS2序列种间K2P遗传距离并构建NJ树。结果 除matK外，其余3条片段的PCR扩增和测序效率均为100%，ITS2序列对9种蒿属药用植物的物种水平鉴定成功率最高，为100%，而psbA-trnH、rbcL、matK、matK＋rbcL的鉴定成功率（BLAST1法）分别为83.3%、66.7%、54.5%、75%。通过ITS2序列的种间K2P遗传距离及NJ树均能将不同物种全部区分。结论 ITS2序列可以作为鉴定蒿属药用植物的潜在条形码。

Objective To test DNA barcoding sequences in identification of nine common medicinal plants from Artemisia L. and provide molecular basis for the identification of plants in Artemisia L. Methods The nine species of Artemisia L. were amplified and sequenced using four candidate sequences (ITS2, rbcL, matK, and psbA-trnH). The PCR amplification and sequencing efficiencies were compared and the identification efficiency was assessed using BLAST1 and Distance methods. The genetic distances of ITS2 region in the nine medicinal plants were analyzed and NJ tree was constructed by MEGA5. Results Except matK, the amplification and sequencing efficiencies of the other three sequences were all 100%. The highest identification success rate (BLAST1) of ITS2 at the species level of the nine medicinal plants was 100%, while 83.3%, 66.7%, 54.5%, and 75% for psbA-trnH, rbcL, matK, and matK + rbcL, respectively. The nine species in Artemisia L. could be distinguished by ITS2 region using inter-specific K2P genetic distance and NJ tree. Conclusion ITS2 could be used as a potential DNA barcode to correctly identify the medicinal plants in Artemisia L.

高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金资助课题（20091106120011）