目的 研究河南野生柴胡遗传多样性。方法 利用伏牛山区和太行山区的4个居群36份个体的ITS序列进行了遗传多样性分析。结果 基于ITS序列共得到13个单倍型（A～M），单倍型多样性指数（H）为0.758±0.001 3，核酸多样性指数（π）为0.004 73，遗传分化系数（Gst）为0.319 8，种群间基因流（Nm）为0.53。结论 河南野生柴胡种群具有较高的遗传多样性，但部分地区已经造成了柴胡遗传多样性的降低，柴胡种群间地理距离会限制种子介导的基因流。

Objective To investigate the genetic diversity of Bupleurum chinense in Henan Province. Methods ITS sequences of 36 individuals of B. chinense collected from four populations in Funiu Mountain and Taihang Mountain areas were used to investigate the genetic diversity of B. chinense. Results Based on ITS sequence data, 13 haplotypes (A—M) were identified, the diversity index (H) and nucleotide diversity index (π) were 0.758 ± 0.001 3 and 0.004 73, respectively. Genetic differentiation index (Gst) was 0.319 8, and gene flow (Nm) among populations was 0.53. Conclusion The results indicate that the wild populations of B. chinense in Henan Province still have high genetic diversity, but genetic diversity of populations in some aeras declines dramatically. Geographic distance among populations will limit the seed-mediated gene flow.

国家自然科学基金资助项目（30971076）