目的 优选当归补血汤的制备工艺，探索以理化表征参数作为汤剂制备工艺评价与质量控制手段的可行性。方法 采用正交试验设计，主要以有效组分阿魏酸、黄芪甲苷、黄芪皂苷、多糖的量为指标，全面考察当归补血汤的制备工艺，并对所得提取液进行流变学、表面化学、电化学等方面的表征，将表征参数与组分的量进行多项式回归分析。结果 优选的当归补血汤制备工艺条件为取处方药材加12倍量水，提取3次，每次1.0 h；理化表征显示，不同制备工艺条件所得汤剂理化参数差别较大，且渗透压与体系组分的量关系最为密切，表面张力、电导率次之，而pH值、黏度与体系组分的量关系不密切。结论 初步表明，表面张力、电导率和渗透压可作为当归补血汤制备工艺与质量控制的评价指标，通过提取液的理化表征来进行质量控制具有一定的可行性。

Objective To optimize the preparation technique of Danggui Buxue Decoction (DBD) and explore the feasibility of technique evaluation and quality control by physicochemical characterization of extracts. Methods Orthogonal test was used to optimize preparation technique of DBD, and the active componets of ferulic acid, astragaloside IV, astragaloside, and polysaccharides were mainly choosen as indicators, the physicochemical characterizations were determined by rheology, surface chemistry, and electrochemistry, etc. And polynomial regression analysis was used to analyze these data. Results The optimal preparation techniques were as follows: The dried herbs were boiled and extracted thrice with 12 times of water for once per hour. Physicochemical parameters of DBD under different conditions were of great difference. Osmotic pressure was most closely related to component content, surface tension came next, and followed by conductivity, while pH value and viscosity were not closely. Conclusion The results preliminarily show that physicochemical parameters such as surface tension, conductivity, and osmotic pressure could be used to evaluate the preparation and quality control of DBD. It proves the physicochemical characterization of extracts in quality control is feasible.

国家自然科学基金资助项目（30801550）；西南科技大学博士基金资助项目（10zx7153）