目的 研究山楂总黄酮对复合因素致大鼠脂肪肝模型脂质代谢与低密度脂蛋白受体（LDL-R）表达的影响。方法 采用复合因素致大鼠脂肪肝动物模型。造模成功后将动物随机分成6组，分别ig给予山楂总黄酮 0.3、0.6、1.2 g/kg，东宝甘泰0.6 g/kg，模型组和对照组每天ig给予等体积生理盐水。造模后、给药期间、末次给药后分别检测血清丙氨酸转氨酶（ALT）、天冬氨酸转氨酶（AST）、碱性磷酸酶（AKP）活性，以及三酰甘油（TG）、总胆固醇（TC）、高密度脂蛋白-胆固醇（HDL-C）、低密度脂蛋白-胆固醇（LDL-C）水平；末次给药后检测血液流变学指标和肝组织匀浆TG和TC水平，同时取肝左叶分别用于病理检查观察显微结构变化，RT-PCR和免疫组化检测LDL-R mRNA和蛋白表达。结果 山楂总黄酮作用于复合因素致脂肪肝大鼠模型，其血清中脂质、肝TC和肝TG与模型组比较有显著性降低；血清ALT、AST和AKP活性与模型组比较有显著性降低；山楂总黄酮能明显降低全血黏度（高切和低切）、红细胞聚集指数、红细胞压积以及明显增加红细胞变形指数；病理组织学检查显示，各给药组脂肪变性和炎症反应程度较模型组均有一定的减轻。RT-PCR和免疫组化结果显示，模型组大鼠肝组织LDL-R mRNA和蛋白表达与对照组比较显著降低（P＜0.05）。山楂总黄酮和东宝甘泰对复合因素致脂肪肝模型大鼠肝组织LDL-R mRNA和蛋白表达降低有明显抑制作用。结论 山楂总黄酮可能通过调节脂肪代谢、改善肝脏功能和增加LDL-R mRNA和蛋白的表达，起到治疗大鼠脂肪肝的作用。

Objective To investigate the effect of total flavones of Crataegusi Fructus (TFCF) on lipid metabolism and expression of low density lipoprotein receptor (LDL-R) in rats with fatty liver induced by complex factors. Methods Animal model of fatty liver was established by alcohol combined with high fat diet. Rats were randomly divided into six groups, except the normal and model groups, rats in TFCF groups were daily ig administered with TFCF (0.3, 0.6, and 1.2 g/kg), and rats in Dong-Bao-Gan-Tai group were daily ig administered with Dong-Bao-Gan-Tai (0.6 g/kg). It was measured that the contents of ALT, AST, AKP, TG, TC, HDL-C, and LDL-C, the blood viscosity, and indexes in the serum, TG and TC in the liver during this experiment, respectively. The left lobe of liver was observed by histopathological staining, and the immunohistochemical staining and RT-PCR were used to observe the effects on the expressions of LDLR mRNA and protein. Results Compared with the model group, TFCF groups could remarkably decrease the content of lipids, ALT, AST, and AKP in the serum and TC and TG in the liver of the experimental fatty liver induced by alcohol combined with high fat diet; remarkably decrease the blood viscosity (Sr3 and Sr200) and assembling index of RBC, as well as hematocrit (HCT), but remarkably increase the deformation index of red blood cells (RBC). The pathomorphological results of hepatic tissue showed that fatty degeneration and inflammatory reaction of TFCF groups were lightened compared with the model group. The RT-PCR and immuno-histochemical staining results showed that compared with the normal group, the model group could remarkably decrease the expression of low density lipoprotein receptor (LDL-R) mRNA and protein in the liver; Compared with the model group, TFCF groups and Dong-Bao-Gan-Tai group could remarkably increase the expression of LDL-R mRNA and protein in the liver of the experimental fatty liver. Conclusion The results show that TFCF has good effects on the treatment of fatty liver induced by alcohol combined with high fat diet in rats. The possible action mechanism of TFCF possess obvious effect of regulating the disorder of lipid metabolism, ameliorating hepatic function, as well as increasing the expression of LDL-R in hepatic cells of rats.

重庆市科委项目（2004AAAS004）