目的 从分子水平研究我国仙茅属（Curculigo Gaertn.）植物的遗传关系。方法 对我国仙茅属植物7个国产种30个单株进行RAPD分析。运用Popgene Version1.31软件计算相关参数，采用UPGMA聚类法进行聚类分析。结果 11个RAPD引物共扩增出157条带，其中有145条呈多态性。我国仙茅属植物的遗传多样性极为丰富，在物种水平上，多态位点百分率（PPB）为92.36%，平均每个位点的有效等位基因数（N_e）为1.493 7, Nei’s基因多样性指数（H）为0.300 1，Shannon’s多样性信息指数H_sp为0.457 7。在种内水平上，PPB＝5.09%，N_e＝1.036 6，H＝0.020 4，种内Shannon’s多样性信息指数（H_pop）为0.029 8。Nei’s 基因多样性指数计算的种间遗传分化系数（G_st＝0.931 3）与Shannon’s分化系数（0.934 9）基本一致，均说明大部分遗传变异存在于种间。种间基因流（N_m）为0.036 9，说明种间基因流动较少，遗传分化程度较高。两种间的Nei’s遗传一致度（I）的范围为0.520 8～0.823 7。根据Nei’s遗传距离进行UPGMA聚类，基于RAPD分子标记的聚类结果与传统分类一致。结论 我国仙茅属植物的遗传多样性十分丰富，且种间的遗传差异大于种内的遗传差异。

Objective The genetic relationship of plants in Curculigo Gaertn. was analyzed in molecular level. Methods Thirty individuls of seven species in Curculigo Gaertn. were employed to be analyzed by the approach of random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD).The parameters were calculated by Popgene Version 1.31 and the relationship was constructed based on UPGMA method. Results Eleven primers screened out from 40 primers were used for RAPD amplification. A total of 157 bands were generated, of which 145 bands were polymorphism bands. The result showed that there was a high genetic diversity among the seven species in Curculigo Gaertn. At species level: percentage of polymorphic loci PPB was 92.36%, effective number of alleles N_e was 1.493 7, Nei’s gene diversity H was 0.300 1, and Shannon’s information index H_sp was 0.457 7; Within species levels: PPB was 5.09%, N_e was 1.036 6, Nei’s gene diversity H was 0.020 4, and Shannon’s information index H_pop was 0.029 8. The Nei’s coefficient of genetic differentiation was 0.931 3, which was consistent with the Shannon’s coefficient of genetic differentiation (0.934 9). Most of the genetic variation existed among populations. The gene flow was 0.036 9, which indicated that it was less among the populations and the degree of genetic differentiation was higher. Nei's genetic identity (I) was changed from 0.520 8 to 0.823 7. By clustering analysis, the classified result of RAPD marker was almost same with the traditional modal character. Conclusion The genetic diversity of the seven species in Curculigo Gaertn. is high. The genetic difference among populations is higher than that within the species.

国家科技攻关计划项目（2001BA701A32，2004BA604A04）；重庆市科技计划项目（6455）