目的 在大田条件下,研究不同大小川半夏种茎对产量和质量的影响,为川半夏规范化栽培提供理论依据。方法 选取川半夏主产区3份不同来源地的材料,分别按种茎直径(d)大(d>1.5 cm)、中(1.0 cm<d≤1.5 cm)和小(0.5 cm<d≤1.0 cm)分级,随机区组试验设计,在其生育期内定期考察出苗数、珠芽产生数和抽薹数等性状;采收后考察其增重率和增殖率,并测定其主要化学成分。结果 不同种茎大小的川半夏出苗、珠芽产生和抽薹等生长节律基本一致。但生长期间平均出苗数、平均抽薹数、平均珠芽产生数、单株增重率、单株增殖率以及生物碱和次黄嘌呤核苷量间差异达极显著水平,而β-谷甾醇量无显著差异。结论 在川半夏的生产栽培中,选取0.5 cm<d≤1.0 cm的种茎作为种源,种茎活力旺盛,可明显达到增产效果,同时生产出的半夏次黄嘌呤核苷量较高,生物碱量也较高。

Objective The effect on yield and quality with different size tubers ofPinellia ternata from Sichuan was studied under the cultivated condition, in order to provide the theoretical basis for standardized cultivation. Methods Three different populations of P.ternata from Sichuan were classified according to the diameters as follows: smaller (0.5 cm<d≤1.0 cm), normal (1.0 cm<d≤1.5 cm), and larger (d>1.5 cm), and this experiment was performed in a randomized block design. During growth and development period, agronomic traits, such as number of sprouting, inflorescence, and bulblets were censused. After harvesting, main chemcial compositions, growth and proliferation rates were determined. Results The different sizes tubers of P. ternata showed the same growth rhythm. But there were signifiacnt differences in the average emergence rate, the average ratio of bolting, the average bulbils,individual growth rate, individual proliferation rate among different sizes. Also, alkaloid and inosine contents were signifiacntly different. Butp-sitosterol content had no signifiacnt difference. Conclusion The size of tubers the in 0.5 cm< d≤ 1.0 cm are more suitable for the field cultivation, which could not only distinctly increase the yield, but also had higher contents of alkaloid and inosine.It is proposed to use the larger size tubers (d>1.5 cm) while good strains breeding and propagation.

国家科技支撑计划项目(2006BAI06A11-10)