目的 对栝楼的遗传多样性进行分析，旨在为栝楼的遗传育种中亲本的组配奠定基础。方法 采用ISSR分子标记法对采自不同种植地区的34份栝楼种质进行多态性和聚类分析。结果 不同种植地区的栝楼的遗传多态性可达90.0%；根据ISSR聚类结果可将34份栝楼种质分为食籽用型、药食两用型和野生型3大类群。结论 栝楼种质之间存在着较高的遗传多样性，与种植地区没有相关性。

Objective In order to provide the foundation for the genetics and breeding of Trichosanthes kirilowii, the genetic diversity of T. kirilowii was analyzed. Methods Studies on polymorphism and cluster on 34 T. kirilowii materials from different growing areas were done by inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR). Results The genetic polymorphism of T. kirilowii was up to 90% from different growing areas. According to the results of ISSR culster, the materials of T. kirilowii were divided into three classes: food seed, edible and medicinal, and wild types. Conclusion There is higher genetic polymorphism among T. kirilowii materials, and no correlation to the growing areas.

浙江省科技厅资助项目（2008C32012）