目的: 研究西洋参Panax quinquefolium茎叶皂苷酸水解产物的化学成分。方法: 利用硅胶柱色谱等各种色谱技术对西洋参茎叶皂苷酸水解产物进行分离纯化, 根据化合物的理化性质和光谱数据进行结构鉴定。结果: 从西洋参茎叶皂苷酸水解产物中分离得到8个化合物, 分别鉴定为20(S)-人参二醇[20(S)-panaxadiol,Ⅰ]、20(S)-原人参二醇[20(S)-protopanaxadiol,Ⅱ]、20(R)-原人参二醇[20(R)-protopanaxadiol,Ⅲ]、20(S)-人参三醇[20(S)-panaxatriol,Ⅳ]、24(R)-拟人参皂苷元[24(R)-ocotillol,Ⅴ]、20(R)-原人参三醇[20(R)-protopanaxatriol,Ⅵ]、20(R)-达玛烷-3β,12β,20,25-四醇[20(R)-dammarane-3β,12β,20,25-tetrol,Ⅶ]、20(R)-达玛烷-3β, 6α, 12β, 20, 25-五醇[20(R)-dammarane-3β, 6α, 12β, 20, 25-pentol, Ⅷ]。结论: 化合物Ⅰ～Ⅷ为首次从西洋参茎叶皂苷酸水解产物中分得的人参皂苷元衍生物。其中Ⅳ、Ⅶ、Ⅷ为从西洋参根、茎、叶、果、花蕾中首次发现。化合物Ⅶ为本课题组从人参果皂苷中首次发现和报道的具有显著抗肿瘤活性的原人参二醇型皂苷元衍生物。

Objective: To study the chemical constituents of the acid hydrolytic products from the stems and leaves of Panax quinquefolium. Methods: The stems and leaves of P.quinquefolium were hydrolyzed with acid; Isolation and purification were carried out by various chromatographic techniques, such as silica gel and SO on. Compounds were identified and elucidated by spectral and chemical methods. Results: Eight compounds were obtained from the acid hydrolytic products in the stems and leaves of P.quinquefolium and identified as 20 (S)-panaxadiol (I), 20 (S)-protopanaxadiol (I), 20(R)-protopanaxadi01(I), 20(.S) panaxatriol(Ⅳ), 24(R)-ocotillol(V), 20(R)-protopanaxatriol(VI), 20(R)-dammarane-3t3, 1213, 20, 25-tetrol(Ⅶ), and 20(R)-dammarane- 3p, 6a, 1213, 20, 25-pentol(Ⅷ). Conclusion: Compounds I-Ⅷare the derivates of the aglycones of ginsenosides.isolated from the acid hydrolytic products from the stems and leaves of P.quinquefolium for the first time.Among these compounds, N, VII, and Ⅶare discoverd from the roots, stems, 1eaves, fruits, and buds of P.quinquefolium for the first time. Compound Ⅶis discovered and reported that it is the derivate of the aglycone of protopanoxadiol ginsenoside, with the conspicuous anticancer activity from the fruits of P.ginseng for the first time.

辽宁省天然药物现代分离与工业化制备工程技术研究中心(2006-19-10)