目的 研究苦瓜的化学成分。方法 采用乙醇提取、氯仿萃取和硅胶柱色谱分离,通过理化常数和光谱分析鉴定化合物的结构。结果 从苦瓜的氯仿萃取物中分离并鉴定了5个化合物,化学结构分别为苦瓜皂苷元F1(aglycone of momordicoside F1,Ⅰ)、5,25-豆甾二烯醇(5,25-stigmastadien-3-ol,Ⅱ)、苦瓜皂苷元Ⅰ(aglycone of momordicoside,Ⅰ,Ⅲ)、苦瓜苷(charantin,Ⅳ)、β-谷甾醇(β-sitosterol,Ⅴ)。结论 化合物和为首次从苦瓜中分离得到。

Objective To study the chemical constituents in the mature fruit of Momordica charantia． Methods M．charantia was extracted by alcohol and then extracted by chloroform；isolation and purifica— tion were carried out by silica gel．Compounds were identified and elucidated by spectral and chemical methods．Results Five compounds were obtained and identified as aglycone of momordicoside F1(I)， 5，25一stigmastadien一3一ol(I)，aglyeone of momordicoside I(Ⅲ)，charantin(N)，and p-sitosterol(V)． Conclusion For the first time．compound I is found as the hovel natural product and compoundⅡis found in the fruit of M．charantia in China．

辽宁省自然科学基金课题(2001101048);辽宁省中小企业创新基金资助项目(20030213)