目的探讨瓜蒌不同农家品种的遗传多样性和亲缘关系, 对其进行分子标记鉴定。方法用25个随机引物对山东瓜蒌不同农家品种、野瓜蒌及对照湖北栝楼进行RAPD分析。采用NTSYS-pc软件计算瓜蒌各农家品种(及种)间的Jaccard遗传相似系数, 按非加权配对算术平均法(UPGMA)建立各品种间的聚类图。结果共扩增出266个条带, 其中多态带为232条, 占87.2%。聚类图显示, 对照湖北栝楼与瓜蒌各农家品种和野生种间的差异最大, 牛心瓜蒌与仁瓜蒌、大瓜蒌与八棱瓜蒌、小光蛋与野瓜蒌彼此间亲缘关系较近。结论RAPD分子标记法可以在分子水平上规范、整理和鉴定瓜蒌的不同农家品种, 揭示了瓜蒌种质资源的亲缘关系以及遗传背景, 为山东道地药材瓜蒌的栽培育种及资源保护提供了重要参考。

Objective To explore the genetic diversity and relationship of different cultivars of the fruits of Trichosantheis kirilowii.and determine them in molecular level.Methods Different fram cultivars and fruits in wild plant of T.kirilowii from Shandong Province and T.hupehensis were detected by randomly amplified polymorphic DNA(RAPD)markers with 25 randomized primers.The Jaccard coefficient was worked Out by using NTSYS-pc software,and a cluster dendrogram of different samples was established based on unweighed pair-group method with arithmetic mean(UPGMA).Results The 25 selected primers produced 266 bands among which 232 bands(87.2%)were polymorphic.In the cluster dendrogram, T.hupehensis was far from the different cultivars and fruits in wild plant of T.kirilowii, but there was closer genetic relationship between Niuxin Gualou and Ren Gualou, Da Gualou,and Baleng Gualou.as well as Xiao Guang-dan Gualou and wild sample.Conclusion RAPD Markers can be used to standardize,arrange,and determine farm cultivars of fruits of T.kirilowii in molecular level,and indicate the genetic relationship and background,then provide important information for seed breeding and resourse protection of T.kirilowii.

山东省中医药管理局课题(编号:2001-09)