目的对藏药蕨麻主要化学成分进行结构鉴定。方法采用大孔吸附树脂和硅胶柱色谱及HPLC制备色谱技术进行分离纯化,应用化学反应、热分析、光谱与电磁波谱综合解析,特别是一维和二维超导核磁共振技术,鉴定化合物的结构。结果从蕨麻首次分离纯化的3个化合物单体为五环三萜皂苷类成分,即2,α3,β19α-三羟基-齐墩果酸-28-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(24-deoxy-sericos ide,Ⅰ)、2,α3,β19β-三羟基-乌苏酸-28-O-β-D-吡喃半乳糖苷(anseri-nos ide,Ⅱ)和2-羰基-3,β19α-二羟基-乌苏酸-28-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(2-oxo-pom o lic ac id-βD-g lucopyranosy l ester,Ⅲ),其中化合物Ⅱ为新化合物(命名为蕨麻苷)。结论此3个化合物为首次从蕨麻中分离得到,其中蕨麻苷经鉴定为新化合物。

Objective To study the structures of three compounds isolated from the roots of Potentilla anserine.Methods These compounds were isolated and purified by the technique of macroporous resin,silica gel,and HPLC,respectively.The structures of these compound were established by chemical and spectroscopic means,especially 1D and 2D NMR.Results A novel ursane-galactoside was isolated from the roots of P.anserine along with two known ursane-and oleanane-type triterpene glycosides.The new compound was identified as 2α,3β, 19β-trihydroxyurs-28-O-β-D-galactonopyranosyl ester(anserinoside,Ⅱ).The known compounds were elucidated as 2α-3β,19α-trihydroxy-oleanolic acid-28-O-β-D-glucoside(24-deoxy-sericoside,Ⅰ) and 2-carbonyl-3β-19α-dihydroxyurs-28-O-β-D-glucoside(2-oxo-pomolic acid β-D-glucopyranosyl ester,Ⅲ).Conclusion The three compounds including the new compound are isolated from the roots of P.anserine for the first time and anserinoside is a new one.

国家重点科技(攻关)项目(96-901-05-160);首都248重大创新基金(生物医药领域)项目(2001-001)