目的 通过对膜荚黄芪种子萌发抑制物质的研究 ,探讨黄芪种子发芽率低的原因。方法 制备黄芪种子粗提物 ,并测定其活性 ;制备黄芪种子的乙醚提取液并进行纸层析 ,然后测定各区段的活性 ;用温水 (4 1℃ ,4 5℃)浸种 ,测定不同时间的浸泡液的抑制活性。结果 证明黄芪种子中存在活性较高的内源抑制物质 ,且其乙醚提取物纸层析在 Rf0.9区段对白菜种子萌发有最强抑制 ,Rf1.0区段对白菜幼根生长有最强抑制 ;通过温水浸种 (4 1℃ ,4 5℃)可除去大部分内源抑制物质 ;黄芪种子的内源抑制物质对小麦幼苗地上部分和地下部分生长均有显著抑制活性 ,对小麦种子萌发则不表现抑制 ;黄芪种子乙醚提取物对黄芪种子萌发和幼根生长也有较强抑制活性 ;结论 黄芪种子发芽率低的原因 ,除种皮透水性差外 ,还有内源抑制物质作用的结果。

Object An at tempt to seekaftera n int rinsic inhibitor present in the seed of Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bg e. . Methods Crude ethereal ex t ract of the seed was prepared and treated on paper chromatog raphy. Inhibitory effects of differentf ractions with dif ferent Rf value were tested o n Brassica chinensis L. and wheat germina tion. Effect of steeping the seed in warm water at 41 ℃ o r 45 ℃ fo r di fferent periods of time was also studied. Results Seed of A . membranaceus does contain st ro ng intrinsic inhibitor. The portion of its ethereal extract with Rf 0. 9 showed the most strong inhibition for the germination of Brassica, and the fraction with Rf 1. 0 can inhibit the growth of the tender B rassica root , steeping with warm water can remove most of the intrinsic inhibitor, which also inhibits the growth of both aerial and underg round parts of wheat sprouts, but with ut effect on its seed germination. It also showed strong inhibition of seed germination and growth of tender root of A. membranaceus. Conclusion Besides the low w ater permeabi li ty of the seed peel, the intrinsic inhibi to rpresent in A. membranaceus is another essential factor tha tretard its germinatio n.

黑龙江省自然科学基金(C00-33)