目的 探究三七Panax notoginseng花的化学成分及其减轻棕榈酸诱导心肌细胞损伤的作用。方法 运用硅胶柱色谱、MCI柱色谱、ODS等多种分离技术进行分离纯化，通过核磁共振以及文献数据比对等多种方法，对所获得的化合物进行结构鉴定。采用CCK-8法评估化合物对心肌细胞的损伤作用。结果 从三七花95%乙醇提取物中分离得到15个化合物，包括6个倍半萜类、3个黄酮类、3个炔醇类、2个脂肪酸类及1个腺苷类成分，分别鉴定为 (1R,4S,5S,10R)-10-甲氧基-10-(羟甲基)香木兰烷-4-醇（1）、山柰酚3-(2,4-di-E-p-香豆酰鼠李糖苷)（2）、槲皮素（3）、香木兰烷-4α,10β,14-三醇（4）、山柰酚-3-O-鼠李糖苷（5）、腺苷（6）、1β,4β,7α-三羟基桉叶烷（7）、4β,10α-香木兰烷二醇（8）、4β,10β-香木兰烷二醇（9）、匙叶桉油烯醇（10）、人参炔醇（11）、十七碳-1,8-二烯-4,6-二炔-3,10-二醇（12）、(Z)-1-甲氧基十七碳-9-烯-4,6-二炔-3-酮（13）、γ-亚麻酸甲酯（14）、亚油酸甲酯（15）。生物活性评价结果表明，部分三七花脂溶性化合物（如倍半萜类、人参炔醇类）在50 μmol/L浓度下能显著减轻0.2 mmol/L棕榈酸诱导的心肌细胞损伤。结论 化合物1为1个新的香木兰烷型倍半萜类化合物；化合物2、4、7～9及13均为首次从三七花中分离得到。化合物1、6、12和13能够减轻棕榈酸诱导的心肌细胞损伤，展现出潜在的心肌损伤保护活性。

Objective To explore the chemical constituents investigation of Panax notoginseng flowers and their protective effects against palmitic acid-induced cardiomyocyte injury. Methods Various separation techniques, including silica gel, MCI, and ODS column chromatography, were employed to isolate and purify the constituents of P. notoginseng flowers. The structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated through nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and comparison with reported literature data. Additionally, the CCK-8 assay was used to evaluate the effects of these compounds on cardiomyocyte injury. Results Fifteen compounds, including six sesquiterpenoids, three flavonoids, three polyacetylenes, two fatty acid derivatives, and one adenosine derivative, were isolated from the 95% ethanol extract of P. notoginseng flowers and identified as (1R,4S,5S,10R)-10-methoxy-10-(hydroxymethyl)aromadendran-4-ol (1), kaempferol 3-O-(2,4-di-E-p-coumaroyl)-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (2), quercetin (3), pipelol A (4), kaempferol-3-O-rhamnoside (5), adenosine (6), bullatantriol (7), 4β,10α-aromadendranediol (8), 4β,10β-aromadendranediol (9), spathulenol (10), panaxynol (11), heptadeca-1,8-dien-4,6-diyn-3,10-diol (12), (Z)-1-methoxyheptadeca-9-en-4,6-diyne-3-one (13), methyl γ-linolenate (14), methyl linoleate (15). Conclusion Compound 1 is a new sesquiterpenoid. Compounds 2, 4, 7, 8, 9, and 13 were isolated from P. notoginseng for the first time. Compounds 1, 6, 12, and 13 could significantly alleviate palmitic acid (PA)-induced cardiomyocyte injury, demonstrating promising cardioprotective activities.

R284.1

国家自然科学基金资助项目（81973458）