目的 研究红花Carthamus tinctorius的化学成分及抗炎活性。方法 采用硅胶、Sephadex LH-20凝胶、聚酰胺柱色谱、制备薄层色谱以及半制备高效液相色谱等多种分离技术，对红花的化学成分进行分离纯化，运用MS、1D-NMR、2D-NMR等现代波谱学手段鉴定化合物结构，并对化合物进行抗炎活性评价。结果 从红花中共分离得到8个化合物，分别鉴定为 (4R,5R)-4-(4-羟基苯基)-5-甲基-γ-丁内酯（1）、(5S)-3-羟基-4-(4-羟基苯基)-5-甲基-γ-丁烯内酯（2）、scopoletin（3）、二氢阿魏酸乙酯（4）、决明顺反二聚苯丙素（5）、(E)-4-(对羟基苯基)-3-丁烯-2-酮（6）、对羟基苯乙酸乙酯（7）、acetoisovanillone（8）。结论 化合物1和2为新化合物，命名为吴茱萸新内酯C和吴茱萸新内酯D，化合物4为首次从红花中分离得到，化合物5为首次从菊科中分离得到。化合物4和6在50 μmol/L下均能够不同程度地抑制脂多糖（lipopolysaccharide，LPS）诱导的RAW264.7细胞一氧化氮释放，表现出较好的抗炎活性。

Objective To investigate the chemical constituents of Carthamus tinctorius and evaluate their anti-inflammatory activity. Methods Various separation techniques, including silica gel, Sephadex LH-20 gel, polyamide column chromatography, preparative thin-layer chromatography (TLC), and semi-preparative high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), were employed to isolate and purify the chemical constituents from C. tinctorius. The structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated by modern spectroscopic methods such as MS, 1D-NMR and 2D-NMR. The anti-inflammatory activity of the compounds was evaluated in vitro. Results Eight compounds were isolated and identified as (4R,5R)-4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-5-methyl-γ-butyrolactone (1), (5S)-3-hydroxy-4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-5-methyl-γ-butenolide (2), scopoletin (3), ethyl dihydroferulate (4), cassia cis-trans diphenylpropanoid (5), (E)-4-(p-hydroxyphenyl)-3-buten-2-one (6), ethyl-p-hydroxyphenylacetate (7) and acetoisovanillone (8). Conclusion Compounds 1 and 2 are new compounds, named evodinoid C and evodinoid D, compound 4 was isolated from C. tinctorius for the first time and compound 5 represents the first report from the Asteraceae family. Compounds 4 and 6 significantly inhibited nitric oxide (NO) release in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells at 50 μmol/L, exhibiting good anti-inflammatory activity.

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国家自然基金区域重点项目（U24A20790）；四川省自然科学基金（2025NSFSC0569，2024NSFSC0054）；四川省科技教育联合基金重点项目（2025NSFSC2033）；西藏自治区重点研发计划（XZ202501ZY0052）；四川省中医药管理局科学技术研究专项（2024ZD02）