随着我国人口老龄化的进程加快，老年人口高龄化趋势日益明显，肌少症是一种衰老引起的老年综合征，是危害老年人身体健康、导致失能的重要疾病。研究治疗肌少症的药物，对推进健康中国建设具有重要意义。中医药结合整体观及辨证论治的思想，对肌少症的治疗显示出独特的优势，中医临床可通过温补气血、改善脾胃功能等方式，促进肌肉生长和修复，为肌少症的防治提供了借鉴和思路。随着研究热度逐年攀升，发现中医药可通过影响肌肉蛋白合成与降解，改善线粒体功能等发挥作用。通过从临床应用及现代药理研究层面，对中医药治疗肌少症的研究文献进行梳理和归纳，为创制安全、有效的肌少症治疗药物奠定基础。

With the accelerating process of population aging, the trend of aging has become increasingly evident in China. Sarcopenia is a common and important geriatric syndrome caused by aging, and is an important disease that endangers the health of the elderly and leads to disability. It is great that drugs for treating sarcopenia have been developed to advance healthy China construction. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has demonstrated unique advantages in the treatment of sarcopenia based on the holistic view and the theory of syndrome differentiation and treatment. It could provide new approaches for the prevention and treatment of sarcopenia by tonifying qi and blood in TCM clinic, and improving gastrointestinal function and promoting skeletal muscle growth and repair. With increasing research gradually in recent years, it could affect skeletal muscle protein synthesis and degradation, and improve mitochondrial function after TCM treatment. This study classifies and summarizes related literatures about TCM treatment of sarcopenia from both clinical and modern pharmacological research perspectives, aiming to lay the foundation for the development of safe and effective treatment for sarcopenia.

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国家自然科学基金资助项目（82405058）；山西省基础研究计划青年资助项目（202403021212248）；山西中医药大学博士科研启动基金（2024BK05）；山西省卫健委中医药科研课题（2024ZYYA026）；山西省中医药科技创新工程项目（2024kjzy002）；中药生命组学与创新药物研发研究室（zyyyjs2024019）