在生态变迁和商业化背景下，道地药材的质量问题近年来受到质疑。探究道地药材高质量的成因，是恢复其历史名誉与提升中药材整体质量的重要课题。以韧性理论与生态胁迫理论为依据，深入分析了种质与环境之间的相互作用对道地药材质量的影响。研究结果表明，不同程度的逆境会促使植物在生长过程中发生适应性变化，进而对其有效成分的积累、药理特性等质量相关因素产生影响。在逆境中，中药植物展现出抵抗力、适应力和修复力3种韧性，韧性是药材质量提升的核心要素。研究进一步发现，适度逆境在药材质量形成中具有正向促进作用，而轻度逆境对药材质量的影响相对有限，重度逆境则可能导致质量下降。此外，药材种质的优劣也决定了其在不同逆境程度下质量变化的幅度。为了全面理解和把握道地药材的质量问题，必须深入解析种质与逆境的相互作用机制。

Under the background of ecological changes and commercialization, the quality of genuine medicinal materials has been questioned in recent years. Investigating the causes of high quality in genuine medicinal materials is an important issue for restoring their historical reputation and improving the overall quality of traditional Chinese medicinal materials. Based on resilience theory and ecological stress theory, this study thoroughly analyzes the interaction between germplasm and environment and its impact on quality of genuine medicinal materials. The results show that different levels of adversity induce adaptive changes in plants during their growth, thereby affecting the accumulation of active ingredients, pharmacological properties, and other quality-related factors. In adverse conditions, Chinese medicinal plants exhibit three types of resilience: resistance, adaptability, and reparability, which are core elements in the enhancement of medicinal quality. The study further reveals that moderate adversity has a positive promoting effect on the formation of medicinal quality, while mild adversity has a relatively limited impact, and severe adversity may lead to a decline in quality. In addition, the quality change in medicinal materials under different adversity levels is also determined by the quality of their germplasm. Therefore, to comprehensively understand and grasp the quality issues of genuine medicinal materials, it is essential to deeply analyze the interaction mechanism between germplasm and adversity.

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江苏省教育厅哲学社会科学重点研究基地基金资助项目（JKFXFK-001）;南京市医疗保障局委托课题（JSDY-2024F014）