目的 揭示道地产区宝鸡西山产柴胡Bupleurum chinense植物根际土壤细菌的群落结构和多样性，为解析西山产柴胡的道地性和生态种植提供一定理论基础。方法 采用16S rDNA微生物扩增子测序初步确定根际细菌的群落组成，利用稀释分离法对根际土进行分离纯化并提取细菌DNA进行分子鉴定。结果 16S rDNA微生物扩增子测序结果显示样品质量总体良好。属水平上丰度前10的分别是盖亚女神菌属Gaiella、未命名蓝细菌属unidentified_Cyanobacteria、海无柄孢囊黏细菌属Haliangium、土壤红杆菌属Solirubrobacter、假节杆菌属Pseudarthrobacter、出芽菌属Gemmata、芽生球菌属Blastococcus、类诺卡氏菌属Nocardioides、鞘氨醇单胞菌属Sphingomonas、芽单苞菌属Gemmatimonas，除土壤红杆菌属外其余均属于有益菌。代谢通路预测结果显示分布于6大类：Cellular Processes、Environmental Information Processes、Genetic information processe、Human disease、Metabolism、Organismal-system。共分离到16株根际细菌，鉴定后发现均属于芽孢杆菌属，可鉴定到种水平的有漳州芽孢杆菌、短小芽孢杆菌、沙福芽孢杆菌和嗜气芽胞杆菌4种。结论 阐明了西山产柴胡根际细菌群落的组成情况，物种丰富度较高且个体分布也相对均匀。在属水平上丰度排名前10的多数为有益菌，并且成功分离得到16株芽孢杆菌属细菌，可为西山柴胡的生态种植提供理论基础。

Objective To elucidate the community structure and diversity of soil bacteria in the rhizosphere zone of Bupleurum chinense in Xishan region of Baoji City, aiming to establish a theoretical foundation for the ecological cultivation of B. chinense.Methods 16S rDNA microbial amplicon sequencing was initially employed to preliminarily ascertain the community composition of rhizosphere bacteria, the dilution isolation method was used for the isolation and purification of inter-root soil and followed by the subsequent extraction of bacterial DNA for molecular identification.Results The sequencing of 16S rDNA microbial amplicons demonstrated consistently high sample quality. The top ten most abundant genera at the genus level were Gaiella, unidentified_Cyanobacteria, Haliangium, Solirubrobacter, Pseudarthrobacter, Gemmata, Blastococcus, Nocardioides, Sphingomonas and Gemmatimonas. All of these genera were beneficial except for Solirubrobacter. Metabolic pathway predictions exhibted distribution across six categories: Cellular processes, Environmental information processes, Genctic information processe, Human disease, Metabolism, and Organismal-system. In total, 16 rhizosphere a bacterial strains were isolated and identified as members of the genus Bacillus. Among them, four species could be classified at the species level inlcuding B. zhangzhouensis, B. shortus, B. schoenophorus and B. aerophilus. Conclusion The present study provides a comprehensive characterization of the rhizosphere bacterial community in Xishan region, which exhibits high species richness and relatively homogeneous individual fractions. Moreover, a majority of the top ten genera in terms of abundance were identified as beneficial bacteria. Additionally, 16 strains belonging to the Bacillus genus were successfully isolated, thereby establishing a theoretical foundation for the ecologically cultivation practices in Xishan region.

R286.2

陕西省重点研发计划项目（2022SF-542）;咸阳市重点研发计划（L2023-ZDYF-SF-017）;秦创原中医药产业创新聚集区项目（L2024-QCY-ZYYJJQ-X49）;陕西中医药大学科技创新团队项目（2019-QN01）