目的 基于文献计量学分析当代外来药物中药化研究现状，探讨其发展趋势、研究者及机构、中药药性以及专利等情况。方法 在中国知网（CNKI）数据库检索外来药物中药化相关文献及专利，并使用VOSviewer、CiteSpace、Python进行文本挖掘，对该领域文献年发文量、核心作者、研究机构、研究热点、中药化情况及其国内专利情况进行可视化分析。结果 最终纳入130篇符合要求的文献，总发文量在2014—2024年呈上升趋势；对31味外来中药进行专利检索，检索到相关专利4 465份。北京中医药大学张建军和王林元团队在该领域具有显著影响力，中药药性研究是当前热点，已有31味外来中药被明确赋予中药药性，其药理作用丰富且与中药多元功效相契合，其药性多为平、凉、寒，药味多以苦、甘、辛为主，归经主要集中在肝、脾和肾经。这些外来中药原产地区广泛，药理作用多样，尤其在抗炎、抗氧化、降血糖、抗肿瘤等方面展现出显著效果。结论 越来越多的外来药物被赋予中药药性，表明外来药物中药化发展趋势良好。该领域研究者学术影响力尚可，专利成果丰富。未来需在此基础上深化外来药物的基础研究与安全评估，拓展其在药食同源领域的应用。同时，应借助地缘优势，通过搭建国际科研平台，加强与东盟国家在传统药物方面的合作，以推动中药现代化和国际化，保障中药产业的可持续发展。

Objective Based on bibliometric methods, this paper analyzes the related literature on the research on introducing foreign medicines into Chinese materia medica, and discusses its research status, development trend, research members and institutions, properties of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and patents. Methods The literature and patents related to introduce foreign medicines into Chinese materia medica were searched in the CNKI database, and VOSviewer, CiteSpace, and Python were used for text mining to visualize the annual publication volume, core authors, research institutions, hotspots, localization as Chinese materia medica and the domestic patents. Results Finally, a total of 130 documents that met the requirements were included, and the total number of articles published showed an increasing trend from 2014 to 2024; Patents of 31 foreign Chinese materia medica were searched, and 4 465 related patents were retrieved. The team of ZHANG Jianjun and WANG Linyuan from Beijing University of Chinese Medicine has the significant influence in this field, and the research on properties of TCM is a hot spot at present. A total of 31 foreign Chinese materia medica have been explicitly endowed with properties of TCM, and their pharmacological effects are rich and consistent with the multiple effects of Chinese materia medica. Their properties are mostly neutral, cool and cold. They are mainly bitter, sweet and pungent flavour, with the liver, spleen and kidney meridians as the main meridian affinity. These foreign Chinese materia medica have a wide range of origins and diverse pharmacological effects, especially in anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, hypoglycemic and antitumor fields. Conclusion An increasing number of foreign Chinese materia medica have been endowed with properties of TCM, indicating good development trend of introducing foreign medicines into Chinese materia medica. In the future, it is necessary to deepen the fundamental research and safety assessment of foreign medicines on this basis, and expand their application in the field of medicine and food homology. Meanwhile, by taking advantage of geographical advantages, the international scientific research platforms should be built to strengthen cooperation with ASEAN countries in traditional medicine, so as to promote the modernization and internationalization of Chinese materia medica and ensure the sustainable development of Chinese medicinal industry.

G350;R282.71

中央本级重大增减支项目“名贵中药资源可持续利用能力建设项目”（2060302）；中央本级重大增减支项目子课题“基于外来新药用资源引入策略的两种东盟特色药材的系统研究”（QT024001）；广西中医药大学“桂派中医药传承创新团队”项目（2022A005）