目的 研究三七Panax notoginseng根茎中的黄酮类成分及其抗血小板聚集活性。方法 采用AB-8大孔树脂、硅胶、ODS柱色谱以及制备型高效液相色谱等分离技术对三七根茎中黄酮类成分进行分离纯化，运用核磁共振、质谱等波谱技术和化学方法对分离的化合物进行结构鉴定，并对分离得到的化合物进行抗血小板聚集活性评价。结果 从三七根茎中分离得到8个黄酮类化合物，分别鉴定为槲皮素-3-O-β-D-木糖基-(1→2)-β-D-半乳糖基-3'-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷（1）、槲皮素-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖基-(1→2)-β-D-半乳糖苷（2）、槲皮素-3-O-β-D-木糖基-(1→2)-β-D-半乳糖苷（3）、山柰酚-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖基-(1→2)-β-D-半乳糖苷（4）、山柰酚-3-O-β-D-木糖基-(1→2)-β-D-半乳糖苷（5）、异鼠李素-3-O-β-D-木糖基-(1→2)-β-D-半乳糖苷（6）、槲皮素-3-O-β-D-半乳糖苷（7）、槲皮素-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷（8）。结论 化合物1为新化合物，命名为三七黄酮苷；化合物6的波谱数据为首次报道，化合物5和6为首次从五加科中分离得到，化合物7和8为首次从三七中分离得到。发现三七中黄酮苷的C-3位直接相连的六碳糖为半乳糖是其生物合成的特异性。体外抗血小板聚集测定结果表明化合物1～7均具有一定的抗血小板聚集活性。

Objective To study the flavonoids in the rhizomes of Panax notoginseng and their antiplatelet aggregation activity. Methods AB-8 macroporous resin, silica gel, ODS column chromatography and preparative high performance liquid chromatography were used to separate and purify the flavonoids in the rhizomes of P. notoginseng. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic and chemical analysis, especially NMR and MS. Additionally, the antiplatelet aggregation activity of the isolated compounds was evaluated. Results Eight flavonoids were isolated and identified as quercetin-3-O-β-D-xylosyl-(1→2)-β-D-galactosyl-3'-O-β-D-glucoside (1), quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucosyl-(1→2)-β-D-galactoside (2), quercetin-3-O-β-D-xylosyl-(1→2)-β-D-galactoside (3), kaempferol-3-O-β-D-glucosyl-(1→2)-β-D-galactoside (4), kaempferol-3-O-β-D-xylosyl-(1→2)-β-D-galactoside (5), isorhamnetin-3-O-β-D-xylosyl-(1→2)-β-D-galactoside (6), quercetin-3-O-β-D-galactoside (7), quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucoside (8). Conclusion Compound 1 is a new flavonoid named notoginsenoflavoside. The spectral data for compound 6 were reported for the first time. Moreover, compounds 5 and 6 were isolated from Araliaceae family for the first time, whereas compounds 7 and 8 were isolated from P. notoginseng for the first time. The specificity of flavonoids biosynthesis in P. notoginseng was firstly discovered. Specifically, the hexose directly connected to the C-3 position of flavonoid was galactose. The in vitro anti-platelet aggregation assay indicated that compounds 1~7 exhibited anti-platelet aggregation activity with different inhibition ratios.

R284.1

国家自然科学基金项目（81703658）;辽宁省教育厅科研平台建设项目（LJ232410162066）;辽宁省科技厅联合基金面上项目（2024-MSLH-291）