目的 对狼毒大戟Euphorbia fischeriana中的酚酸类化学成分进行分离和结构鉴定，并评价化合物对α-葡萄糖苷酶的抑制活性。方法 采用多种色谱技术进行分离纯化，通过红外、高分辨质谱及核磁共振等波谱学手段鉴定化合物结构，采用PNPG法测定α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性。结果 从狼毒大戟的根部分离并鉴定了8个酚酸类化合物，分别为苯甲酸甲酯-4-O-α-L-呋喃阿拉伯糖基-(1→6)-β-D-葡萄糖苷（1）、苯乙基-6-O-α-L-呋喃阿拉伯糖基-β-D-葡萄糖苷（2）、东莨菪苷（3）、corilagin（4）、6-羟基-2-甲氧基苯乙酮-4-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷（5）、6-羟基-2-甲氧基苯乙酮-4-O-α-L-阿拉伯糖-(1→6)-β-D-葡萄糖苷（6）、6-羟基-2-甲氧基苯乙酮-4-O-β-D-木糖-(1→6)-β-D-葡萄糖苷（7）、erythroxyloside B（8）。结论 化合物1为新化合物，命名为狼毒酚苷A（euphfischcoside A），化合物2～4为首次从大戟属中分离得到。化合物4和8对α-葡萄糖苷酶的半数抑制浓度（median inhibition concentration，IC₅₀）值分别为（7.44±3.95）μmol/L和（134.40±30.27）μmol/L。

Objective To investigate the chemical constituents of the roots of Euphorbiafischeriana and evaluate their α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. Methods A variety of chromatographic techniques were applied for the chemical separation and purification. Their structures were elucidated by a combination of IR, HR-ESI-MS and NMR spectra. PNPG method was performed to evaluate the α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. Results Eight phenolic compounds were isolated from the roots of E. fischeriana. Their structures were identified as methyl benzoate-4-O-α-L-arabinofuranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranoside (1), phenethyl 6-O-α-L-arabinofuranosyl-β-D-glucopyranoside (2), scopoletin (3), corilagin (4), 6-hydroxy-2-methoxyacetophenone-4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (5), 6-hydroxy-2-methoxyacetophenone-4-O-α-L-arabinofuranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranoside (6), 6-hydroxy-2-methoxyacetophenone-4-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranoside (7), erythroxyloside B (8). Conclusions Compound 1 is a new compound and named as euphfischcoside A, compounds 2―4 were isolated from E. fischeriana for the first time. Compounds 4 and 8 exhibit the considerable inhibition on α-glucosidase with the IC₅₀ values of (7.44 ±3.95) μmol/L and (134.40 ±30.27) μmol/L, respectively.

R284.1

国家自然科学基金项目（82304872）;北京市自然科学基金青年项目（7234403）;国家自然科学基金项目（81872761）