膝骨关节炎（knee osteoarthritis，KOA）是一种受多种因素影响最终导致软骨细胞凋亡、细胞外基质降解和软骨下骨异常丢失的慢性关节疾病。中医药治疗KOA有着悠久的历史和广阔的应用前景，能够有效弥补现代医学治疗KOA的不足。地黄Rehmannia glutinosa及其有效成分梓醇、桃叶珊瑚苷、红景天苷、松果菊苷、毛蕊花糖苷等具有一定干预KOA的作用。通过对地黄提取物及其单体成分治疗KOA的作用机制，包括抑制促炎细胞因子的分泌、减慢软骨基质的降解、促进软骨细胞增殖、抑制软骨细胞凋亡、调节软骨细胞自噬、抗氧化应激损伤、调节成骨细胞和破骨细胞平衡与细胞分化以保护软骨下骨、缓解滑膜组织炎症等方面的研究进展进行综述，为进一步研究地黄及其有效成分防治KOA提供理论依据。

Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a chronic joint disease that results in chondrocyte apoptosis, extracellular matrix degradation and abnormal loss of subchondral bone due to multiple factors. The treatment of KOA by traditional Chinese medicine has a long history and broad application prospect, which can effectively make up for the deficiency of modern medicine. Dihuang (Rehmannia glutinosa) and its active components catalpol, aucubin, salidroside, echinacoside and acteoside can interfere with KOA. By studying the mechanism of action of R. glutinosa extract and its monomer components in treating KOA, the research progress in inhibiting the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines, slowing down the degradation of cartilage matrix, promoting chondrocyte proliferation, inhibiting chondrocyte apoptosis, regulating chondrocyte autophagy, resisting oxidative stress injury, regulating the balance and cell differentiation of osteoblasts and osteoclasts to protect subchondral bone and relieve synovial tissue inflammation was reviewed. It provides theoretical basis for further research on R. glutinosa and its effective components to control KOA.

R285

2023年辽宁省科学技术厅项目(2023-MSLH-150);2023年沈阳市科技人才专项项目(RC230094)