目的 基于简化基因组，建立一种准确鉴定药用芍药Paeonia lactiflora栽培品种的单核苷酸多态性（single nucleotide polymorphism，SNP）分子标记方法。方法 利用特异位点扩增片段测序（specific-locus smplified fragment sequencing，SLAF-seq）技术对浙江、安徽、四川和湖南的13个药用芍药栽培品种进行SNP标记开发。通过多个指标如杂合率、缺失率和多态性来筛选候选标记，并通过遗传多样性、群体结构和主成分分析等方法进一步评估候选标记。最后采用能够区分药用芍药栽培品种的最简SNP组合绘制指纹图谱。结果 通过SLAF-seq测序共获得3 703 329个SLAF标签，其中多态性标签有60 749个，共获得412 873个群体SNP标记，最后筛选的47个核心SNP标记位点表现出高多态性，可以很好地区分药用芍药栽培品种。结论 基于简化基因组，建立了主要药用芍药栽培品种的SNP标记开发和指纹图谱绘制的方法，为药用芍药的品种鉴定和白芍药材的临床应用提供借鉴。

Objective Based on reduced-representation genome, we developed a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) molecular marker method for the accurate identification of medicinal cultivars of Paeonia lactiflora. Methods SNP markers were developed for 13 medicinal cultivars of P. lactiflora from Zhejiang, Anhui, Sichuan and Hunan provinces based on specific-locus smplified fragment sequencing (SLAF-seq) technology. Candidate markers were screened by multiple indicators such as heterozygosity rate, deletion rate and polymorphism, and further evaluated by genetic diversity, population structure and principal component analysis. Finally, fingerprinting was performed using the simplest SNP combination that could distinguish the medicinal cultivars of P. lactiflora. ResultsA total of 3 703 329 SLAF labels were obtained by SLAF-seq sequencing, including 60 749 polymorphic labels, and 412 873 population SNP markers were obtained. Finally, a total of 47 core SNP marker sites selected showed high polymorphism, and the SNP fingerprint drawn by this method could accurately distinguish medicinal cultivars of P. lactiflora. Conclusion A method of SNP marker development and fingerprint mapping for medicinal cultivars of P. lactiflora based on reduced-representation genome was established, which could provide reference for variety identification of P. lactiflora and clinical application of Cynanchum otophyllum.

R286.12

国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFC3500903);中国中医科学院科技创新工程项目(CI2024E001);安徽省高校自然科学研究重点项目(2023AH050854)