目的 研究柽柳科水柏枝属小花水柏枝Myricaria wardii的抗补体活性成分。方法 采用正相硅胶色谱、凝胶柱色谱、ODS色谱和半制备高效液相色谱等方法进行分离纯化，通过波谱数据（NMR和MS等）鉴定化合物结构，并采用溶血法测定化合物的抗补体活性。结果 从小花水柏枝的95%乙醇提取物中共分离鉴定41个化合物，分别为 (－)-3,6-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-5-(4-hydroxyphenethyl)hexahydro-4H-furo[3,4-c]pyrrol-4-one（1）、3-羟基-4,5-二甲氧基苯甲酸甲酯（2）、3-羟基-4-甲氧基苯甲酸甲酯（3）、香草醛（4）、罗布麻宁（5）、丁香酸甲酯（6）、松柏醛（7）、3,4-二羟基-5-甲氧基苯甲酸甲酯（8）、异阿魏酸甲酯（9）、对羟基苯甲醛（10）、对羟基苯乙酮（11）、黑麦草内酯（12）、(＋)-去氢催吐萝芙木醇（13）、没食子酸（14）、原儿茶酸（15）、3-O-甲基没食子酸（16）、没食子酸乙酯（17）、吐叶醇（18）、3,5,6-trihydroxy-7-megastigmen-9-one（19）、咖啡酸（20）、蚱蜢酮（21）、花旗松素（22）、3-羟基-4,5-二甲氧基苯甲酸（23）、对香豆素（24）、丁香酸（25）、异落叶松脂素（26）、burselignan（27）、(1',1',2',2'-tetramethylpropyl)-1,2-benzenediol（28）、二氢山柰酚（29）、槲皮素（30）、N-反式-阿魏酰酪胺（31）、terrestiamide（32）、(R)-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-N-[2-(4hydroxyphenyl)-2-methoxyethyl]acrylamide（33）、(Z)-8,11,12-trihydroxy-9-octadecanoic acid（34）、9,12,13-trihydroxy-10,15-octadecadienoic acid（35）、水柏枝素A（36）、异阿魏酸（37）、原儿茶醛（38）、N-反式-阿魏酰-3-甲氧基酪胺（39）、山柰酚（40）、香草酸甲酯（41）。活性测定结果表明，26个化合物（13个酚酸及其衍生物、4个黄酮、2个木脂素、3个苯丙素、3个酚酰胺和1个萜类）表现出明显的抗补体活性，其半数抑制溶血浓度（half inhibit hemolysis concentration，CH₅₀）为（0.20±0.03）～（4.72±0.01）mmol/L。结论 化合物1为新化合物，命名为水柏枝脂素A（myricarian A），倍半萜类成分（12、13、18、19、21）首次从水柏枝属植物中分离得到，酚酸及其衍生物和黄酮类成分为小花水柏枝主要的抗补体活性成分。

Objective To study the anti-complementary constituents of Myricaria wardii. Methods The compounds were isolated and purified by silica gel column chromatography, gel chromatography, ODS column chromatography, and semi-preparative HPLC. The structures were identified by spectral data (NMR and MS) and relevant references. Besides, the anti-complementary activities of these compounds were evaluated by hemolysis method. Results A total of 41 compounds were isolated and identified from M. wardii, including (−)-3,6-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-5-(4-hydroxyphenethyl)hexahydro-4H-furo[3,4-c]pyrrol-4-one (1), methyl 3-hydroxy-4,5-dimethoxybenzoate (2), methyl 3-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzoate (3), vanillin (4), apocynin (5), methyl syringate (6), coniferaldehyde (7), methyl 3,4-dihydroxy-5-methoxybenzoate, (8), methyl isoferulate (9), p-hydroxybenzaldehyde (10), p-hydroxyacetophenone (11), loliolide (12), (+)-dehydrovomifoliol (13), gallic acid (14), protocatechuic acid (15), 3-O-methylgallic acid (16), ethyl gallate (17), vomifoliol (18), 3,5,6-trihydroxy-7-megastigmen-9-one (19), caffeic acid (20), grasshopper ketone (21), taxifolin (22), 3-hydroxy-4,5-dimethoxybenzoic acid (23), p-coumaric acid (24), syringic acid (25), isolariciresino (26), burselignan (27), (1',1',2',2'-tetramethylpropyl)-1,2-benzenediol (28), dihydrokaempferol (29), quercetin (30), N-trans-feruloyltyramine (31), terrestiamide (32), (R)-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-N-[2-(4hydroxyphenyl)-2-methoxyethyl] acrylamide (33), (Z)-8,11,12-trihydroxy-9-octadecanoic acid (34), 9,12,13-trihydroxy-10,15-octadecadienoic acid (35), myricaria A (36), isoferulic acid (37), protocatechualdehyde (38), N-trans-feruloyl-3-methyldopamine (39), kaempferol (40), methyl vanillate (41). A total of 26 compounds, including 13 phenolic acid derivates, four flavonoids, two lignans, three phenylpropanoids, three phenolic amides and one terpenoid, showed anti-complementary activities with the half inhibit hemolysis concentration (CH₅₀) ranging from (0.20 ±0.03) to (4.72 ±0.01) mmol/L. Conclusion Compound 1 is a new compound isolated from M. wardii named myricarian A, and sesquiterpenoids (12, 13, 18, 19, 21) are isolated from Myricaria for the first time. Phenolic derivates and flavonoids are considered as the main anti-complementary components of M. wardii.

R284.1

国家自然科学基金面上项目(82173940);西藏自治区中央引导地方项目(XZ202001YD0003C);西藏自治区重大科技专项(XZ201801-GA-13)