扩张型心肌病（dilated cardiomyopathy，DCM）属心肌结构和功能异常的非缺血性心肌病，起病隐匿，病机尚不明确，病死率高，是难治性心血管疾病之一。目前治疗主要依赖于临床表现，以对症治疗及延缓心室重构等保守治疗为主，但低血压等治疗不良反应一定程度上降低了患者依从性，影响治疗效果。近年来，中医药在DCM领域的研究不断深入和丰富。研究发现中医药可通过调控多种信号通路干预心肌纤维化、减轻炎症反应、抑制细胞凋亡、减轻氧化应激、抑制细胞焦亡、增强细胞自噬等环节，具有改善心功能和延缓心室重构的潜力，疗效可观且安全可控。因此，通过对中医药治疗DCM的国内外研究进行梳理和总结，归纳中医药干预DCM的作用机制，为中医药在DCM领域的临床及基础研究提供借鉴。

Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a non-ischemic cardiomyopathy with myocardial structural and functional abnormalities. It is one of the refractory cardiovascular diseases characterized by an insidious onset, unclear pathogenesis, and high mortality. Currently, the treatment of DCM is mainly based on clinical manifestations, and conservative treatments such as symptomatic therapy and delayed ventricular remodeling are mainly used. However, unpleasant effects such as low blood pressure diminish patient compliance and impair therapeutic efficacy. In recent years, the research of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in the field of DCM has been deepening and enriching. TCM has been shown to improve myocardial fibrosis, attenuate inflammatory response, inhibit apoptosis, reduce oxidative stress, inhibit cellular pyroptosis and enhance cellular autophagy by regulating multiple signaling pathways, implying that it has the potential to improve cardiac function and delay ventricular remodeling with promising efficacy and safety. Therefore, this review aims to evaluate and summarize domestic and foreign studies on treatment of DCM with TCM, as well as mechanism of TCM intervention in DCM, to provide a reference for clinical and basic research of TCM in field of DCM.

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中央高水平中医医院临床科研业务费（HLCMHPP2023065）;国家重点研发计划（2022YFC3500102）;中国中医科学院科技创新工程重大攻关项目（CI2021A00902）;中国中医科学院科技创新工程创新团队项目（CI2021B004）