目的 分析何首乌Polygonum multiflourum的现代研究热点和炮制历史沿革，总结何首乌的化学成分现代药理毒理研究，为国内何首乌的研究方向和研究思路提供参考。方法 基于Web of Science、中国知网、万方及维普数据库进行文献检索，时间限定为1994年1月1日—2023年11月1日，共纳入2 395篇符合标准的文献，以及通过查询历代中医药相关书籍以及近年来对于何首乌的研究成果与发表的文献，对年发文量，国家（地区）、机构、关键词时序图聚类、突现词进行分析。结果 何首乌研究中文文献发文量较多，平缓，英文文献发文量快速增长，中文和英文文献对于何首乌研究的热度大体相同。中国、美国和韩国是发文量最多的国家，两者主要的研究机构集中于中医药大学。两者研究内容主要集中于化学成分和药理作用方面，其中以何首乌的肝损伤或肝毒性研究最多。结论 何首乌的肝毒性是目前最需要解决的问题，此外何首乌的抗阿茨海默症、调血脂、免疫调节、调节胰岛素抵抗、抗炎和抗肿瘤等药理作用的研究不能搁置，同时炮制是历代何首乌减毒的关键因素，可能成为何首乌摆脱其肝毒性诟病的突破口和新方向。

Objective To analyze the modern research hotspots and processing history of Heshouwu (Polygonum multiflorum Thunb.), and summarize the modern pharmacological and toxicological studies on the chemical constituents of P. multiflorum, so as to provide reference for the research direction and research ideas of P. multiflorum in China. Methods This article is based on Web of Science, China Knowledge Network, Wanfang and Weipu databases for literature search. The time limit is January 1, 1994 to November 1, 2023. A total of 2 395 documents that met the criteria were included. The annual number of publications, countries (regions), institutions, keyword time series graph clustering, and burst words were analyzed. And by querying the books related to ancient Chinese medicine and the research results and published literature of P. multiflorum in recent years. Results The number of papers published in Chinese literature is increasing, and the number of papers published in English literature is growing rapidly. The heat of Chinese and English literature on P. multiflorum is roughly the same. China, the United States and South Korea are the countries with the largest number of publications, and their main research institutions are concentrated in the University of Traditional Chinese Medicine. The research content of the two is mainly focused on chemical components and pharmacological effects, among which the liver injury or hepatotoxicity of P. multiflorum is the most studied. Conclusion The hepatotoxicity of P. multiflorum is the most urgent problem to be solved at present. In addition, research on the pharmacological effects of P. multiflorum, such as anti-alzheimer's disease, blood lipid regulation, immune regulation, insulin resistance regulation, anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor effects, cannot be put on hold. At the same time, processing has been a key factor in reducing the toxicity of P. multiflorum throughout history, which may become a breakthrough and new direction for P. multiflorum to overcome its liver toxicity criticism.

R286

国家自然科学基金面上项目（82274362）