瑶药及其方剂是瑶族人民在长期实践中形成的民族医药体系，具有独特的理论基础与显著的临床疗效，近年来瑶药的相关研究备受广泛关注。通过检索国内外相关研究文献，对瑶药传统理论与方剂配伍原则，如“五性八味”“风打功能”“虎牛钻风分类”“风打配伍”“动物配伍”等进行阐述，并对虎、牛、钻、风4类104味瑶医老班药的主要成分与药理作用及瑶药方剂的临床与药理研究进行系统梳理，为瑶医药的传承发展与进一步深入研究提供依据与参考。

Yao medicine and its prescriptions are the unique ethnomedical system developed by the Yao people through long-standing practices. This system is underpinned by distinctive theoretical foundations and has demonstrated notable clinical efficacy. In recent years, research related to Yao medicine has garnered extensive attention from scholars. This review synthesizes both domestic and international research literature to expound on the traditional theories and principles of prescription compatibility in Yao medicine, such as the “five properties and eight flavors” “wind-strike function” “tiger-ox-drill-wind classification” “wind-strike compatibility” and “animal compatibility”. Furthermore, it provides a systematic analysis of the primary components and pharmacological actions of 104 types of Yao medicine laoban drugs. classified under tiger, ox, drill, and wind classes, alongside the clinical and pharmacological research developments of Yao medicine prescriptions. The aim is to provide a foundation and reference for the inheritance, development, and further in-depth research of Yao medicine.

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国家自然科学基金资助项目（82174209）；广东省中医药局科研项目（20213013）；连南地区特色瑶药鸭跖草、石上柏的研究与开发（HXJF202210）