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[摘要]
目的 以红花Carthamus tinctorius不同花色变异类型为材料,比较分析其叶绿体基因组结构及其与近缘类群的系统发育关系,为中药材红花种质资源鉴定和群体遗传学研究奠定基础。方法 利用华大MGISEQ-2000PE150测序平台,双末端测序策略对红花不同花色类型全基因组DNA建库测序,用NOVOPlasty组装叶绿体基因组,采用最大似然法(maximum Likelihood,ML)构建系统进化树。结果 红花3种花色变异类型叶绿体基因组全长均为153 114 bp,完全一致,GC值均为37.8%,具1个典型的四分区域结构,包括1个大单拷贝区(large single copy region,LSC)、1对反向重复区(inverted repeats,IR)和1个短单拷贝区(small single copy,SSC),4个区序列长度分别为84 128、25 194、18 598 bp。红花的叶绿体基因组均有130个基因,其中编码蛋白基因、rRNA基因与tRNA基因的数量均为84、8、38个。系统进化分析表明,红花3种花色变异类型聚在一支,与菜蓟族的铺散矢车菊构成一单系分支,具有100%支持率。结论 叶绿体基因组数据支持红花3种花色变异类型来源为同一种,药用植物红花(所在红花属)隶属于菊科菜蓟族的矢车菊亚族。
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[Abstract]
Objective In order to provide foundation for Carthamus tinctorius molecular identification and population genetics studies, we sequenced and assembled the complete chloroplast genome of three flower color variants C. tinctorius, and constructed the phylogenetic relationship between it and its relatives. Methods Genome DNA library was constructed with the paired-end strategy, and MGISEQ-2000PE150 platform was used to sequence in Beijing Genomics Institute (China). The complete chloroplast genome was assembled using NOVOPlasty software, and sequence analysis was performed based on gene annotation results. Phylogenetic analyses were performed using Maximum-Likelihood (ML) methods. Results The complete chloroplast genome of three different colors C. tinctorius has same length 153 144 bp with a GC content of 37.8%. The chloroplast genome exhibited a typical quadripartite structure, including a large single copy region (LSC), a pair of inverted repeats (IR), and a small single copy (SSC), and the sequence lengths were 84 128 bp, 25 194 bp, and 18 598 bp. The chloroplast genome harbored 130 genes, including 84 protein-coding genes, 8 rRNA genes, and 38 tRNA genes. Phylogenetic analyses result indicates that the three flower color variants C. tinctorius form one clade, and this clade is sister to Centaurea diffusa with bootstrap 100%. Conclusion Our result supported the three flower color variants of C. tinctorius from the same species. The medicinal plant C. tinctorius (genus Carthamus) belongs to Centaureinae of Cynareae in Asteraceae.
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[基金项目]
河南省科技攻关项目(222102110137);河南省高等学校重点科研项目计划(22A360010);国家自然科学基金项目(U1404302)