目的 研究青花椒Zanthoxylum schinifolium抗氧化活性物质基础。方法 利用柱色谱和高效液相色谱等现代分离技术和NMR、HR-ESI-MS等结构鉴定技术，分离纯化并分析鉴定青花椒抗氧化活性物质；利用ABTS⁺自由基清除的活性筛选技术，对活性部位和单体化合物进行抗氧化活性评价。结果 从具有抗氧化活性的D101大孔吸附树脂60%乙醇洗脱部位中分离得到12个多酚糖苷类化合物，分别鉴定为青花椒酚A（1）、青花椒酚B（2）、3，4-二羟基苯乙醇（3）、熊果苷（4）、蓖麻酚糖苷（5）、苄醇葡萄糖苷（6）、1-O-β-D-葡萄糖基-4-烯丙基苯（7）、1，2-二羟基苯乙醇-1-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷（8）、2-甲氧基苯乙醇-1-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷（9）、2，6-二甲氧基-4-（2-丙烯基）-苯酚-1-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷（10）、2-甲氧基-4-（2-丙烯基）-苯基-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷（11）、紫丁香苷（12）。利用ABTS⁺自由基清除的活性筛选技术，发现化合物3～5、8和9具有较好的抗氧化活性，其中化合物4的IC₅₀为4.5 μmol/L，与阳性对照维生素C（V_C）相当。结论 从青花椒抗氧化活性部位分离鉴定了2个新化合物（1、2），分别命名为青花椒酚A和青花椒酚B，化合物3、5～8、10和11均首次从花椒属植物中分离得到，化合物4首次从青花椒中分离得到，熊果苷（4）的抗氧化活性与V_C相当。

Objective To study antioxidant substances of Zanthoxylum schinifolium pericarps. Methods A variety of column chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) were used for separation and purification, and the structures of the compounds were identified by NMR, HR-ESI-MS, and so on. The activity guided fractionation was used to evaluate the antioxidant activity of isolates using ABTS⁺ radical-scavenging method. Results Twelve compounds schiniphenol A (1), schiniphenol B (2), 3,4-dihydroxyphenylethanol (3), arbutin (4), orcinol glucoside (5), benzyl alcohol glucoside (6), 1-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl- 4-allylbenzene (7), 1,2-dihydroxyphenethyl-alcohol-1-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (8), 2-,methoxyphenethyl-alcohol-1-O-β-D- glucopyranoside (9), 2,6-dimethoxy-4-(2-propenyl)-phenol-1-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (10), 2-methoxy-4-(2-propenyl)-phenyl-β-D- glucopyranoside (11), syringin (12) were isolated and determined. ABTS⁺ radical-scavenging activity showed that compounds 3-5, 8, and 9 had good antioxidant activity. The IC₅₀ of arbutin (4) was 4.5 μmol/L, which was equivalent to that of positive control vitamin C (V_C, IC₅₀=6.4 μmol/L). Conclusion Isolates 1 and 2 are new compounds, and named schiniphenol A and schiniphenol B, respectively. Moreover, compounds 3, 5-8, 10, and 11 are isolated from the genus Zanthoxylum for the first time, and compound 4 is isolated from Z.schinifolium for the first time. Arbutin (4) showed comparable antioxidant activity to that of V_C.

R284.1

国家自然科学基金资助项目（81673325）；甘肃省重点研发计划国际科技合作专项（18YF1WA127）；中国科学院百人计划人才项目