目的 在绵马贯众炭中发现新型的纳米类成分——碳点，并研究其止血作用。方法 通过对绵马贯众炭水煎液提取、分离和透析得到一种新型水溶性的纳米类成分碳点，命名为绵马贯众炭碳点（DCC-CDs）。利用透射电子显微镜（TEM）、高分辨透射电子显微镜（HR-TEM）、紫外-可见分光光度法（UV-vis）、傅里叶变换红外光谱（FT-IR）、X-射线光电子能谱分析（XPS）、高效液相色谱（HPLC）等多种仪器和方法，对DCC-CDs进行了表征。通过小鼠断尾和肝脏出血实验评价DCC-CDs的止血作用，通过测定凝血四项及血小板（PLT）数量探讨其止血机制。结果 从绵马贯众炭中分离出来的DCC-CDs外形近似球形，分散度良好，粒径分布在1~7 nm。动物实验结果显示DCC-CDs具有良好的止血效果，能显著减少小鼠断尾和肝脏出血时间（P<0.01）。此外，DDC-CDs也能使大鼠血液中纤维蛋白原（FIB）浓度和PLT的数量显著升高（P<0.05）。结论 DCC-CDs具有止血效果，本研究为应用DCC-CDs治疗出血性疾病的研究提供新思路，也为中药有效成分的探索提供全新的思维模式。

Objective A new type of nanoparticles-carbon dots was identified from Dryopteridis Crassirhizomatis Rhizoma Carbonisatum (DCC) and investigated their hemostatic effect. Methods DCC was boiled, filtered, and dialyzed to separate and obtain a novel type of carbon dots named DCC-CDs. These DCC-CDs were characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and high-resolution TEM, as well as Fourier transform infrared, ultraviolet-visible, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and HPLC. Then, the anti-hemorrhagic effects were evaluated by severed tails ad liver bleeding tests and the related hemostatic mechanisms of the obtained DCC-CDs were assessed by detecting blood coagulation and PLT quantity to discuss the hemostasis mechanism. Results The DCC-CDs separated from DCC were spherical, monodisperse, which had a narrow size distribution between 1 and 7 nm. In the animal experiment, DCC-CDs were revealed excellent hemostatic bioactivity, and significant decreased in the tail and liver bleeding time (P < 0.01). Additionally, the rats showed a profound increasing in fibrinogen (FIB) and platelets (PLT) after DCC-CDs treatment (P < 0.05). Conclusion These results demonstrated an explicit hemostatic effect of DCC-CDs, which offers new avenues for research into DCC to treat hemorrhagic diseases and a new mindset for the exploration of the active ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine.

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国家自然科学基金资助项目（81573573）；国家自然科学基金资助项目（81503344）；国家自然科学基金资助项目（81473338）