目的 研究双斑獐牙菜Swertia bimaculata全草的化学成分。方法 采用D101大孔吸附树脂、Sephadex LH-20、半制备HPLC等色谱方法分离纯化,结合理化性质和MS、NMR等波谱学数据鉴定化合物的结构。结果 从双斑獐牙菜全草乙醇提取物的正丁醇萃取部位分离得到30个化合物,分别鉴定为1,3,6-三羟基-4,7-二甲氧基咄酮(1)、1,8-二羟基-2,3,4,5-四甲氧基咄酮(2)、1,3,5-三羟基-4-甲氧基咄酮(3)、1,3-二羟基-5-甲氧基咄酮(4)、1,3,5-三羟基咄酮(5)、1,3,7-三羟基-4-甲氧基咄酮(6)、2-(3'-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基)苯甲酰氧基龙胆酸(7)、金不换苷元(8)、去甲基雏菊叶龙胆酮(9)、异雏菊叶龙胆酮(10)、1,3,8-三羟基-4,5-二甲氧基咄酮(11)、1,3-二羟基-4,5-二甲氧基咄酮(12)、甲基雏菊叶龙胆酮(13)、1-羟基-2,3,4,7-四甲氧基咄酮(14)、芒果苷(15)、紫云英苷(16)、异槲皮苷(17)、烟花苷(18)、芦丁(19)、7,3'-二甲氧基异荭草素(20)、当药黄素(21)、日本当药黄素(22)、异荭草素(23)、8-甲氧基异黄芩素(24)、8-甲氧基木犀草素(25)、山柰酚(26)、木犀草素(27)、槲皮素(28)、β-谷甾醇(29)、齐墩果酸(30)。结论 化合物1 为新化合物,命名为双斑獐牙菜酮A;化合物2~7 、16~20 、24~26 为首次从该属植物中分离得到,化合物2~11 、16~28 为首次从该植物中分离得到。

Objective To investigate the chemical constituents from the dried whole plants of Swertia bimaculata. Methods The compounds were isolated and purified by various column chromatography, and their structures were elucidated on the basis of chemical and spectroscopic analyses. Results Thirty compounds were isolated from the n-BuOH fraction of S. bimaculata EtOH extract and identified as 1,3,6-trihydroxy-4,7-dimethoxyxanthone (1), 1,8-dihydroxy-2,3,4,5-tetramethoxyxanthone (2), 1,3,5-trihydroxy-4-methoxyxanthone (3), 1,3-dihydroxy-5-methoxyxanthone (4), 1,3,5-trihydroxyxanthone (5), 1,3,7-trihydroxy-4-methoxyxanthone (6), 2-(3'-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl) benzoyloxygentisic acid (7), veratrilogenin (8), demethylbellidifolin (9), isobellidifolin (10), 1,3,8-trihydroxy-4,5-dimethoxyxanthone (11), 1,3-dihydroxy-4,5-dimethoxyxanthone (12), methylbellidifolin (13), 1-hydroxy-2,3,4,7-tetramethoxyxanthone (14), mangiferin (15), astragalin (16), isoquercitrin (17), nicotiflorin (18), rutin (19), isoorientin-7,3'-dimethylether (20), swertisin (21), swertiajaponin (22), isoorientin (23), isoscutellarein-8-methyl ether (24), 8-chrysoeriol (25), kaempferol (26), luteolin (27), quercetin (28), β-sitosterol (29), and oleanolic acid (30). Conclusion Compound 1 is a new compound. named bimaculatone A. Compounds 2-7, 16-20, and 24-26 are firstly obtained from the plants of Swertia L., and compounds 2-11 and 16-28 are obtained from S. bimaculata for the first time.

国家自然科学基金资助项目(30970282);国家"重大新药创制"科技重大专项(2011ZX09102-004-02);武汉市应用基础研究计划项目