目的 研究人参根腐菌Fusarium solani和人参锈腐菌Cylindrocarpon destructans对人参总皂苷的化学趋向性响应。方法 采用平板法和孢子悬滴萌发法分别测定了2种病原菌及其孢子在3种趋化参数(质量浓度、温度和pH值)条件下对人参总皂苷的化学趋向性响应。结果 人参根腐菌对低质量浓度的人参总皂苷表现出较强的化学趋向性,趋化移动指数(CMI)为1.2948,病原菌孢子萌发率(SGR)为66%,趋化生长速率(CGR)为0.533,病原菌菌丝生长量(MG)为0.5220 mg/mL;人参锈腐菌则对中质量浓度的人参总皂苷表现出较强的化学趋向性,CMI为1.2556,病原菌SGR为63%,CGR为0.465,MG为0.4494 mg/mL。结论 低、中质量浓度(0.2~20 mg/L)的人参总皂苷对人参根腐菌的化学趋向性有促进作用,人参锈腐菌对4种质量浓度的人参总皂苷均具有化学趋向性响应,而且受此趋化影响下的2种病原菌的SGR、CGR和MG也都得到了显著的提高,但都随皂苷质量浓度的增加而减弱。

Objective To study the chemotaxis response of Fusarium solani and Cylindrocarpon destructans on total ginsenosides.Methods Three chemotactic parameters(concentration, temperature, and pH) were determined by plate assay and spore germination method to research the chemotaxis response of two pathogens and their spores.Results It showed that F.solani had strong chemotactic response at the low concentration of total ginsenosides, and the data of chemotactic mobile index(CMI) was 1.2948, SGR was 66%, chemotaxis growth rate(CGR) was 0.533, and(mycelial growth) MG was 0.5220 mg/mL.However, C.destructans had strong chemotactic response at the middle concentration of total ginsenosides, and the data of CMI was 1.2556, SGR was 63%, CGR was 0.465, and MG was 0.4494 mg/mL.Conclusion The low and middle concentration(0.2-20 mg/L) of total ginsenosides had the significant promoting effect on chemotaxis response of F.solani, and the chemotaxis response of C.destructans happened at different concentration of ginsenosides, and the SGR, MGR, and the amount of MG of these two pathogens had also been significantly improved, whereas the chemotaxis response effect decreases as the ginsenosides concentration increases.

国家自然科学基金资助项目(31100239,31200224);吉林省科技发展计划项目(20110926,20130206030YY,20140520159JH);公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费项目(201303111);吉林省现代农业产业技术体系建设(2013018)